VOLUME NR 5
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
UDK 541.49+547.785.5+543.42
D. S. Raxmonova, Z. CH. Kadirova
SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF MIXED-METAL COMPLEXES OF Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn ON BASE OF AMMONIUM VANADATE AND 5-AMINO-2-MERCAPTOBENZYMIDAZOLE
National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, University Street, 41, E-mail: d.rakhmonova81@mail.ru
Abstract. Background. The literature data on the synthesis and properties of mixed-metal complexes of 3d metals with ammonium vanadate and 5-amino-2-mercaptobenzimidazole is limited. Thus, the synthesis and study heterometallic compounds allowed elaborating new aspects of coordination chemistry.
Purpose. Elaboration of the synthesis method for mixed-metal complexes of Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn nitrates with ammonium vanadate and 5-amino-2-mercaptobenzimidazole (L) and study of their composition and structure with modern physical and chemical methods.
Methodology. A technique for synthesis of mixed-metal complex compounds has been elaborated. For their synthesis, an alcoholic solution of the ligand (molar ratio M: M: L=1: 2: 2) was added to solution of ammonium vanadate and metal chlorides, pH 8. The reaction had been carried out at heating for 40 min. The coordinating competitive donor centers, the electronic and geometric structure of the ligand molecule were investigated by quantum-chemical calculations using the DFT / V3LIP / LanL2DZ method in the Gaussian09 software package. The composition and structure of the synthesized mixed-metal complex compounds were investigated by the methods of elemental, thermal analysis and FTIR- spectroscopy.
Originality. A procedure has been developed for synthesis of mixed-metal complex compounds: Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II), Zn nitrates with ammonium vanadate and 5-amino-2-mercaptobenzimidazole. It was found that in complexation reactions the ligand molecule is coordinated through the nitrogen atom with the negative value of the effective partially localized charge.
Findings. The data on coordinating competitive donor centers, the electronic and geometric structure of the ligand molecule.
Keywords: ligand, complex compound, benzimidazole, IR- spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermal analysis, quantum-chemical calculations, structure.
Highlights:
- methods for the synthesis of mixed-metal complexes;
- quantum-chemical calculations of 5-amino-2-mercaptobenzimidazole;
- composition and structure of mixed-metal complex compounds.
References
1. Sabrina Rahman Archie, BK Das, MS Hossain, UTTOM Kumar, AS Shamsur Rouf, Synthesis and antioxidant activity of 2-substituted-5-nitro benzimidazole derivatives // Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2017. -N9 (1). - P.308-310.
2. Eman A Abd El-Meguid, Eman M Mohi El-Deen, Manal A Nael, Manal M Anwar, Novel benzimidazole derivatives as anti-cervical cancer agents of potential multi-targeting kinase inhibitory activity // Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 2020. -N13 (12). - P.9179-9195.
3. Hakan Bektaş, Bahar B Sökmen, Sinem Aydın, Emre Menteşe, Adile Bektaş, Gamze Dilekçi, Design, synthesis, and characterization of some new benzimidazole derivatives and biological evaluation // Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry. 2020. -N57 (5). - P.2234-2242.
4. Karim Chkirate, Khalid Karrouchi, Necmi Dege, Nada Kheira Sebbar, Abdelaziz Ejjoummany, Smaail Radi, NN Adarsh, Ahmed Talbaoui, Marilena Ferbinteanu, El Mokhtar Essassi, Yann Garcia, Co (ii) and Zn (ii) pyrazolyl-benzimidazole complexes with remarkable antibacterial activity // New Journal of Chemistry. 2020. -N44 (6). - P.2210-2221.
5. Andrey Seliverstov, Johannes Forster, Magdalena Heiland, Johannes Unfried and Carsten Streb. The anion-binding polyanion: a molecular cobalt vanadium oxide with anion-sensitive visual response //Chem. Commun. 2014. -Vol. 50.-P. 7840. DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03827d.
6. Xian-Zhong Sun, Bao-Yu Wang and Ling-Yun Zhong. l-Tetravanadato-bis[bis(2,200-bipyridine)-cadmium(II)] // Acta Cryst. 2004. E60, m1100–m1102. DOI: 10.1107/S160053680401623X.
7. Simunekova M., Schwendt P, Gyepes R, Krivosudsky L.Heterometallic Copper–Vanadium Compounds: Crystal Structures of Polymers [Cu(im)4(V2O4(mand)2)]n and [Cu(im)4(V2O4((S) mand)2)]n •2nH2O (im=imidazole, mand=mandelato2−) // Journal of Chemical Crystallography. 2019. 5 October. (https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10870-019-00810-8.pdf)
8. Antar P., Schwendt P., Tariersky J., Gyepes R., Drabik M. Interaction between chilar ions: Synthesis and characterization of tartratovanadates (V) with tris(2,2'-bipyridine) complexes of iron(II) and nickel(II) as cations // Transition Met Chem. -2014. –Vol.39. –P.893-900. (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269047445_Interaction_between_chiral_ions_Synthesis_and_characterization_of_tartratovanadatesV_with_tris22'bipyridine_complexes_of_ironII_and_nickelII_as_cations)
9. Serba P.V., Blinov Yu.F., Miroshnichenko S.P. Quantum-chemical calculations in the Gaussian program for the course “Physics of low-dimensional structures”. Taganrog: Publishing house of TTI SFU, -2012. -Р.100. (.&aqs=chrome..69i57.1193j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8). (in Russian)
10. Baranovsky V.I. High-precision quantum-chemical calculations. Tutorial. -2015. -Р.89. (https://dspace.spbu.ru/bitstream/11701/1486/1/Расчеты _повышенной.pdf ). (in Russian)
11. Tarasevich B.N. IR spectra of the main classes of organic compounds. Reference materials. Moscow. -2012. -P.55. (http://www.chem.msu.su/rus/teaching/tarasevich/Tarasevich _IR_tables _29-02-2012.pdf).
12. Nakamoto K. IR spectra and Raman spectra of inorganic and coordination compounds. - M .: Mir, 1991.-344 p. (https://www.twirpx.com/file/56977/).(in Russian)
13. Ax N.D., Ogorodova L.P., Melchakova L.V. Thermal analysis of minerals and inorganic compounds. Moscow: Moscow State University Publishing House, 1987. -Р. 190. (https://www.twirpx. com /file/100413/). (in Russian)
14. Sazanov Yu.N. Thermal analysis of organic compounds. - SPb .: Polytech publishing house. university, 2016. - P. 367. (http://www.prometeus.nsc.ru/acquisitions/17-04-11/cont18.ssi). (in Russian)
To cite this article: D. S. Raxmonova, Z. CH. Kadirova. Synthesis and study of mixed-metal complexes of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn on base of ammonium vanadate and 5-amino-2-mercaptobenzymidazole // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.3-11.
Received: 29.10.2021; Accepted: 12.11.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDK 541.6
G. A. Umirova, Sh. A. Kasimov, X. X. Turayev, A. T. Djalilov
SYNTHESIS AND RESEARCH OF CHELATE-FORMING SORBENTS BASED ON AMINO ACIDS
1Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Chemical Technology State Unitary Enterprise, Termez State University, E-mail: umirova81@internet.ru
Abstracts. Background. To date, the synthesis of new types of sorbents in the world, the determination of sorbtion properties in relation to metals ions and the study of the composition, structure and physico-chemical properties of chemical compounds formed in the process of separating metal ions from the composition of solutions with their help is one of the urgent tasks of inorganic chemistry.
Purpose: in carrying out the study, the ability of static exchange on the properties of sorbent synthesized on the basis of pepoxysmola, glycine and polyethylenpoliamine, in particular copper and silver ions were studied.
Methodology: the structure of the synthesized complex-forming ionite was determined by methods of IR-spectroscopy, DTG derivatography. With scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (picture and element analysis), microscopic structure was studied.
Originality: a new chelating sorbent EGP-1 has been obtained, which possesses a high sorption ability for copper and silver cations.
Findings: it was found that the synthesized chelating sorbent EGP-1 has a high static exchange capacity at a molar ratio of 1: 1: 0.4 of the starting materials.
Key words: epoxy resin, glycine, polyethylene polyamine, copper, IR spectroscopy, derivatogram, static exchange capacity, scanning electron microscopy.
Highlights:
- a new chelating sorbent brand EGP-1 was synthesized
- its physical and chemical properties were investigated.
References
1. Kasimov Sh.A., Turaev Kh.Kh., Dzhalilov A.T. Investigation of the process of complexation of ions of some bivalent 3d-metals with a chelating sorbent // Universum: Chemistry and biology: electron. scientific. zhurn. -2018. -No. 3 (45). (in Russian)
2. Mamyachenkov, Sergey Vladimirovich Research of hydrometallurgical processes in multicomponent systems for the production of secondary non-ferrous metals: Dis ... doc. technical sciences. - Yekaterinburg, 2008 .-- Р. 20-25. (in Russian)
3. Ayoub G.M., Semerjian L., Acra A., E.l. Fadel M. and Koopman B. Heavy Metal Removal by Coagulation with Seawater Liquid Bittern // Journal of Environmental Engineering - 2001;127. – Р. 196–202.
4. Gadd G.M. Biosorption: critical review of scientific rationale, environmental importance and significance for pollution treatment // Journal of Chemical Technology. - 2009;84. – Р. 13–28 .
5. Thompson H.S. «On the Absorbent Power of Soils» //The Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. - 2011. – Р. 68-75.
6. Clifford D.-A. Ion Exchange and Inorganic Adsorption. Water Quality and Treatment: A Handbook of Community Water Supplies (5th ed.), American Water Works Association, McGraw-Hill.-New York.-1999.
7. Leikin Yu.A., Myasoedov B.F., Losev V.V., Kirillov E.A. Modified sorbents for selective extraction of ammonia and its derivatives. // Chem. physics. - 2007. - T. 26.No. 10. - P. 18–33. (in Russian)
8. Kasimov Sh.A. Synthesis of nitrogen-, phosphorus-, oxygen-containing ligands and their coordination compounds with some d-metals: Diss.-T.-2018.-176 p. (in Russian)
9. Oskotskaya E.R., Basargin N.N., Karpushina G.I. Theoretical and practical aspects of the use of polymeric chelating sorbents with an o-hydroxy-carboxy-functional group in the analysis of environmental objects for the content of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Co, Ni, V, Cr, Mn. Monograph. T.2. - Eagle: OSU, Polygraph. firm "Cartush", 2006. -145 p. (in Russian)
10. Wołowicz A., Hubicki Z. Adsorption characteristics of noble metals on the strongly basic anion exchanger Purolite A-400TL // J. Mater Sci. -2014. -V.49, -Р.6191–6202
11. Neudachina L.K. Kinetics of sorption of heavy metal ions by pyridylethylated aminopropylpolysiloxane / L.K. Neudachina, Yu.S. Petrova, A.S. Zasukhin, V.A. Osipova, E.M. Gorbunova, T.Yu. Larina // Analytics and control. –2011. –N1. -T. 15. –P.87-95 (in Russian)
12. Saldadze K.M., Kopylova-Valova V.D. Complexing ion exchangers (complexites). - M .: Chemistry, 1980 .-- 336 p. (in Russian)
13. Nigora, Chorieva; Nilufar, Ermuratova; Khayit, Turaev; and Sherzod, Kasimov (2021) "Synthesis and research of chelate forming sorbent based on carbamide, formaldehyde, ditizone //Chemistry and Chemical Engineering: Vol. 2020 : No. 4 , Article 4. DOI: 10.51348/RWHC6586
14. Ermuratova N.A., Kasimov Sh.A., Turaev Kh.Kh. Synthesis and study of a chelating sorbent based on carbamide, formaldehyde and 2-aminopentanedioic acid // Universum: technical sciences: electron. scientific. zhurn. 2021.4 (85). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/11533 (in Russian)
To cite this article: G. A. Umirova, Sh. A. Kasimov, X. X. Turayev, A. T. Djalilov. Synthesis and research of chelate-forming sorbents based on amino acids // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.11-17.
Received: 18.08.2021; Accepted: 24.09.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDK 541.6
Sh. A. Kasimov, Kh. Kh.Turaev, A. T. Jalilov, Yu. E. Nazarov, F. J. Mirzaeva
PREPARATION OF COVALENT IMMOBILIZED SULFUR-CONTAINING LIGAND AND COORDINATION COMPOUNDS OF CERTAIN D-METALS
1Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Chemical Technology State Unitary Enterprise, Termez State University, E-mail: umirova81@internet.ru
Abstract. Background. To date, the synthesis of new types of covalently immobilized ligands in the world, the determination of complexing properties in relation to metal ions and the isolation of metal ions from the composition of solutions with their help, the study of the composition, structure and physicochemical properties of chemical compounds formed during their synthesis are urgent problems of inorganic chemistry.
Purpose: the properties of the ligand obtained on the basis of covalently fixing O, O-di- (2-aminoethyl) -dithiophosphate of potassium on a carbamide-formaldehyde matrix, complexing properties with ions of copper, zinc, cadmium and silver study.
Methodology: the structure of the synthesized covalently immobilized ligand was determined by IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (photography, elemental analysis), the microscopic structure was examined.
Originality: a new ligand has been obtained by in situ covalent fixation of O, O-di- (2-aminoethyl) -dithiophosphate of potassium on a urea-formaldehyde matrix, which has complexing properties with cations of copper, zinc, cadmium and silver.
Findings: the results obtained showed that the synthesized immobilized ligand has a high sorption capacity for copper, zinc, cadmium and silver ions in weakly acidic solutions.
Key words: immobilized ligand, in situ method, O, O-di- (2-aminoethyl) -dithiophosphate potassium, coordination compounds, copper (II), zinc (II), cadmium (II) and silver (I).
Highlights:
- a new covalent immobilized ligand was obtained by the in situ method;
- its complexes with copper (II), zinc (II), cadmiuношении m (II) and silver (I) were investigated.
References
1. Kasimov Sh.A., Turaev Kh.Kh., Dzhalilov A.T. Investigation of the process of complexation of ions of some bivalent 3d-metals with a chelating sorbent // Universum: Chemistry and biology: electron. scientific. zhurn. -2018. -No. 3 (45). (in Russian)
2. Kasimov Sh.A., Turaev Kh.Kh., Dzhalilov A.T., Chorieva N.B., Amonova N.D. IR spectroscopic study and quantum-chemical characteristics of nitrogen- and phosphorus-containing polymer ligand // Universum: Chemistry and biology: electron. scientific. zhurn.-2019.-No.6 (60). URL: http://7universum.com/ru/nature/archive/item/7400 (in Russian)
3. Eshkurbonov F.B., Turaev Kh.Kh., Eshkurbonova M.B., Chorieva N.B., Abduvalieva M.Zh. Synthesis of a complexing ion exchanger based on hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile // Universum: chemistry and biology: electron. scientific. zhurn. Eshkurbonov F.B. [and others]. - 2018. - No. 7 (49). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/nature/archive/item/6115 (in Russian)
4. Nigora Chorieva, Nilufar Ermuratova, Khayit Turaev and Sherzod Kasimov (2021) "Synthesis and research of chelate forming sorbent based on carbamide, formaldehyde, ditizone //Chemistry and Chemical Engineering;-2020.-No. 4.-Article 4. DOI: 10.51348/RWHC6586
5. Yushkova OG Immobilized on solid-phase matrices hetarylformazans for concentration, separation and determination of metals: Dis. - Yekaterinburg: [Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences], 2004. (in Russian)
6. Zarenezhad E., Esmaielzadeh S., Behrouz S. & Emami L. Copper Schiff base complex as a new immobilized heterogeneous catalyst: experimental, theoretical, biological and docking study //J. Iran. Chem. Soc. (2021) doi:10.1007/s13738-020-02024-8.
7. Mikhailov O. V. Mild template synthesis of (2,8-dithio-3,7-diaza-4,6-dimethyl-5-oxanonane dithio amido-1,9) copper(II) in Cu2[Fe(CN)6] gelatin-immobilized matrices // Russ. J. Coord. Chem. Khimiya (2002) doi:10.1023/A:1015577402581.
8. Liu J. et al. Iron(II) on functionalised micro/nano silica gel: Surface coordination chemistry and catalytic performance for degradation of 1,2-dihydroxybenzene//Chinese J. Inorg. Chem. (2013) doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4861.2013.00.327.
9. Kuznetsov V.V., Sheremetyev S.V. Sensitive elements of optical sensors based on polystyrene with covalently immobilized reagents // Journal of Analytical Chemistry. - 2007. - T. 62. - No. 3. - S. 303-311. (in Russian)
10. Ermuratova N.A., Kasimov Sh.A., Turaev Kh.Kh. Synthesis and study of a chelating sorbent based on carbamide, formaldehyde and 2-aminopentanedioic acid // Universum: technical sciences: electron. scientific. zhurn. -2021.-4 (85). URL: https://7universum. com/ru/tech/archive/item /11533 (in Russian)
11. Konshina D. N. et al. Functionalization of the cellulose surface with thiosemicarbazide groups in order to create a sorbent for concentration and determination of heavy metals in waters // Analytics and Control. - 2013. - T. 17. - No. 4. - P. 393-400. (in Russian)
12. Pervova IG Immobilized metal complexes of some d and f elements with hetarylformazans: synthesis, structure and properties: Dis… Dr. Sciences: 02.00. 02 / Pervova Inna Gennadievna // Ekaterinburg, 2006. – 288 p. (in Russian)
13. Temerdashev Z. A. et al. Concentration of Cu (II), Co (II), Ni (II) and Cd (II) on silica gel with a covalently immobilized azohydrazone group and their determination on environmental objects. oil and gas complex. - 2015. - No. 7. - S. 13-17. (in Russian)
14. Openko V. V. et al. Study of sorption of Co (II), Cd (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) on silica gel with covalently immobilized 1- (2-pyridylazo) - 2-naphthol // News of higher educational institutions. Chemistry and chemical technology. - 2014. - T. 57. - No. 10. - S. 57-61. (in Russian)
15. Inatova, M. S., Smanova, Z. A., Nurmukhamadov, Zh., Gafurov, A. A. Sorption-photometric determination of cobalt ions using an immobilized reagent 4-amyl-2-nitroso-1-naphthol // European research. - 2016. - No. 8 (19).16. Arkhipova A. A. et al. Sorbents with non-covalently immobilized β-diketones for preconcentration of rare earth elements //Talanta. – 2016. – Т. 161. – P. 497-502. (in Russian)
17. Smanova Z. A., Gafurova D. A., Savchkov A. V. Disodium 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-oxynaphthalene-3, 6-disulfonate: An immobilized reagent for iron (III) determination // Russian Journal of General chemistry. – 2011. – Т. 81. – No. 4. – P. 739-742.
18. Shvoeva O. P., Dedkova V. P., Savvin S. B. Sorption and complexation of uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) with reagents arsenazo III and arsenazo M on fibrous filled sorbents //Journal of Analytical Chemistry. – 2007. – Т. 62. – No. 10. – P. 935-939.
19. Ermatova, O. A., Bobomurodova, M. S., Smanova, Z. A., Gofurova, D. A., Shahidova, D. N. Development of a Sorption-spectroscopic Method for the Determination of Lead Ions by Immobilized Sulfarsarsen //Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology. – 2021. – P. 596-604.
20. Privar Y. et al. Metal-chelate sorbents based on carboxyalkylchitosans: Ciprofloxacin uptake by Cu (II) and Al (III)-chelated cryogels of N-(2-carboxyethyl) chitosan // International journal of biological macromolecules. – 2019. – Т. 131. – Р. 806-811.
21. Aydin F. et al. Silica Gel‐Immobilized 5‐aminoisophthalohydrazide: A novel sorbent for solid phase extraction of Cu, Zn and Pb from natural water samples //Applied Organometallic Chemistry. – 2020. – Т. 34. – No.4. – Р. 5481.
22. Kopylova V.D., Portnykh N.V., Karimova L.V., Shabanova L.N. Investigation of the thermal stability of complex forms of ion exchangers.// Journal of Applied Chemistry. -1979. –No.3. -P.533-537. (in Russian)
23. Berdieva M.I., Turobzhonov S.M., Nazirova R.A. Study of the thermal stability of synthesized ion exchangers // Universum: Chemistry and biology: electron. scientific magazine-2016. -No. 8(26). URL: http://7universum.com/ru/nature/archive/item/3479 (in Russian)
To cite this article: Sh. A. Kasimov, Kh. Kh.Turaev, A. T. Jalilov, Yu. E. Nazarov, F. J. Mirzaeva. Preparation of covalent immobilized sulfur-containing ligand and coordination compounds of certain d-metals // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.17-25.
Received: 07.09.2021; Accepted: 01.11.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDK 621.793:621.357.7
U. T. Rahimov, N. U. Abduraimova, Yu. N. Mansurov
INFLUENCE OF THE CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF COATINGS IN CHLORIDE-CONTAINING MEDIA ON THE CORROSION PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS
1Tashkent State Transport University, 2Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Abstract. Background. Titanium and its alloys are ductile and durable, and are widely used. However, it becomes more significant when it is possible to level the loose and unstable structure of the oxide film, especially in chemically aggressive environments. coatings on their surfaces can become such a factor.
Purpose: to achieve increased corrosion resistance of titanium specimens in highly aggressive environments.
Methodology. During the research, a modern processing method was used - plasma electrolytic treatment (PEO).
Originality. For the first time, the role of conditions for the formation of coatings of zirconium oxides on the surface of articles made of titanium and its alloys in the formation of coatings with high corrosion resistance has been established.
Findings. A relationship has been established between the corrosion properties of coatings obtained by the PEO method and the process of their growth. It is shown that the duration of the PEO treatment is associated with the formation of pits, the thickness of the coatings, their composition, and the contact angle. The type of surface, the conditions for its formation have been determined.
Key words: titanium, alloys, plasma electrolytic treatment, coating, corrosion properties.
Highlights:
- corrosion properties of titanium and its alloys;
- parameters of their plasma electrolytic oxidation;
- the growth of an oxide film on titanium is characteristic of valve alloys.
References
1. Snezhko L.A. Anodno - spark oxidation of magnesium / L.A. Snezhko, V.S. Rudnev. - M .: Technique, TUMA GROUP, 2034. - 160 p. (in Russian)
2. Pat. 2285066 IPC C 25 D 11/02. Electrolyte for obtaining a black ceramic coating on valve metals and their alloys, a method for its preparation and a coating obtained by this method / A.I. Mamaev, E.V., Khokhryakov, P.I. Butyagin; applicant and patent holder Mamaev A.I. No. 2005114806/02; dec. May 14, 2005; publ. 10.10.2006 (in Russian)
3. Pat. US5035781 (A) C 25 D 11/26. Electrolyte for the production of black surface layers on light metals / J. Schmidt, T. Furche, R. Erdmann, M. Reichert, U. Bayer, P. Kurze, T. Schwarz, J. Schreckenbach, H.J. Kletke, A. Hofmann, M. Heppner, A. Hasse, D. Schmidt, A. Klaus. Publ. 30.07.1991.
4. Agreement of the member state committee on the identification of potassium chromate as a substance of very high concern. According to Articles 57 and 59 of Regulation (EC. 1907/2006 (REACH). Adopted on 4 June 2010 7 1 34 2 37 6
5. Rakoch, A.G. Plasma-electrolytic treatment of aluminum and titanium alloys / A.G. Rakoch, A.A. Gladkova, A.V. Oak. - M.: MISiS Publishing House, 2017. - 159 p. (in Russian)
6. Prozhega, M.V. Influence of the current shape on the wear resistance of coatings obtained on the VT6 titanium alloy by the PEO method / M.V. Burn [et al.] // Friction and Wear. - 2019. - T. 40 (5). – S. 581-589. (in Russian)
7. Strekalina D.M., Rakoch A.G., Ermakova M.V. Kinetic features of the increase in the thickness of the wear-resistant coating on the W 6 alloy during its microarc oxidation // Abstracts of the III International Conference "Fundamental Aspects of Corrosion Materials Science and Protection of Metals from Corrosion", IPChE RAS. - April 18-20, 2016. - P. 51. (in Russian)
8. V. S. Rudnev, T. P. Yarovaya, P. M. Nedozorov, A. Yu. Ustinov, L. M. Tyrina, I. V. Malyshev, V. S. Egorkin, and S. L. Sinebryukhov, Gnedenkov S.V. Preparation of ZrO2+CeOx+TiO2/Ti compositions by plasma-electrolytic oxidation of titanium and study of their characteristics//Physical chemistry of surface and protection of materials.-2011. - Volume 47. - No. 5. - P. 517–524. (in Russian)
9. Rudnev, V.S., Nedozorov, P.M., Yarovaya, T.P., Mansurov, Yu.N. Localplasma and electrochemical loxygenatingontheexampleofAMg5 (AMr5) alloy. // TsvetnyeMetally. -2017, (1).-Рp. 59 - 64.
10. Rudnev, V.S., Yarovaya, T.P., Nedozorov, P.M., Mansurov, Y.N. Wear-resistant oxide coatings on aluminum alloy formed in borate and silicate aqueous electrolytes by plasma electrolytic oxidation. // Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces. -2017.-53(3).-Рp. 466 - 474.
11. Rudnev V.S., Kilin K.N., Malyshev I.V., Yarovaya T.P., Nedozorov P.M., Popovich A.A. Plasma electrolytic oxidation of titanium in an electrolyte with Zr(SO4)2 // Physical chemistry of surfaces and protection of materials. - 2010. - Volume 46. - No. 6. - P. 634–639. (in Russian)
12. S. B. Sidelnikov, D. S. Voroshilov, M. M. Motkov, V. N. Timofeev, I. L. Konstantinov, N. N. Dovzhenko, E. S. Lopatina, V. M. Bespalov, R. E. Sokolov, Y. N. Mansurov, M. V. Voroshilova. Investigation structure and properties of wire from the alloy of AL-REM system obtained with the application of casting in the electromagnetic mold, combined rolling extruding, and drawing // International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. -2021.- 114(9-10). -Рp. 2633 - 2649.
13. Gunterschulze A., Betz G. Electrolytic capacitors. -M.: Oborongiz, 1938. -198 p. 6. (in Russian)
14. Oleynik S.V., Rudnev V.S., KuzenkovYu.A., Jarovaja T.P., Trubetskaja L.F., Degtiarenko N.N., Nedozorov P.M. The protective properties of coatings on a magnesium alloy formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation in silicate electrolytes //International Journal of Corrosion and Scale Inhibition.-2018.-V. 7. -№ 1. -P.78–86.
15. Руднев В.С., Килин К.Н., Малышев И.В., Яровая Т.П., Недозоров П.М., Попович А.А. Плазменно-электролитическое оксидирование титана в электролите с Zr(SO4)2 // Физикохимия поверхности и защита материалов.-2010. -Том 46. -№ 6. -С.634– 639.
16. Rudnev V.S., Malyshev I.V., Lukiyanchuk I.V., Kuryavy V.G. Composition, surface structure and temperature behavior of ZrO2 + TiO2/Ti and ZrO2 + CeOx + TiO2/Ti composites formed by plasma-electrolytic oxidation//Physical chemistry of surface and protection of materials.-2012.-Vol. 48.-No. 4.-S. 391–397. (in Russian)
17. Rakoch A.G., Strekalina D.M., Suyargulova R.I. Kinetic features of the growth of coating thickness during plasma-electrolytic oxidation of the VT6 and D16 alloy // Monthly scientific journal based on materials of the XVII 107th International Scientific and Practical Conference "Scientific Perspectives of the 21st Century. Achievements and Prospects of the New Century". - 2015. - No. 9 (16). – P.110–113 (in Russian)
18. Yerokhin, A.L. Kinetic aspects of aluminiumtitanate layer formation on titanium alloys by plasma electrolytic oxidation / A.L. Yerokhin, A. Leyland, A. Matthews // Applied Surface Science. – 2002. – V. 200. – P. 172-184.
19. Physical and mechanical properties, structure and phase composition of MAO coatings on titanium / S.V. Zhukov [et al.] // Scientific Works (VESTNIKMATI). -2007. -No. 13. – P. 60–66. (in Russian)
20. Composition and mechanical properties of hard ceramic coating containing α – Al2O3 produced by microarc oxidation on Ti–6Al–4V alloy / X.T. Sun [et al.] // Thin Solid Films. – 2005. – V. 471. – Р. 194–199.
21. Rakoch, A.G. Wear-resistant coatings on titanium alloy VT6 obtained by the PEO method / A.G. Rakoch, D.M. Strekalina, A.A. Gladkova // Non-ferrous metals. - 2016. - No. 2. pp. 80–84. (in Russian)
22. Gladkova A., Rakoch A., Savva V., Strekalina D. Kinetic features of wear-resistant coating growth on titanium alloy formed in alkaline-aluminate solution by plasma electrolytic oxidation // 5th International Conference on Electrochemical and Plasma Electrolytic Modification of Metal Surfaces. - 2016. -Kostroma: Nekrasov Kostroma State University.-2016. -P. 47.
To cite this article: U. T. Rahimov, N. U. Abduraimova, Yu. N. Mansurov. Influence of the conditions of formation of coatings in chloride-containing media on the corrosion properties of titanium and its alloys // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.25-31.
Received: 05.10.2021; Accepted: 05.11.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDK 615.776.547.29.297.
Sh. Samandarov, R. Makhkamov, А. Kurbanbaeva, F. Saidkulov
INVESTIGATION OF THE VISCOSITY OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM CARBOXYMETHYL STARCH
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, E-mail: shuxratsamandarov437@gmail.ru
Abstract. Background. One of the most widely produced and in-demand polymers in industry is sodium salt of carboxymethylstarch (Na-CМS). The Na-CМSis mainly used in the form of high-viscose solutions in the food, medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, textile, paper, oil and gas industries. Therefore, the study of the viscosity of Na-CМSin aqueous solutions is of great practical importance.
Purpose. To study the effect of concentration, exchange rate, environment, temperature and inorganic salts on the viscosity, which is one of the important physical properties of aqueous solutions of Na-CМS.
Methodology. The viscosity of Na-КМК in dilute aqueous solutions was determined by viscometry. pH of the solutions was controlled.
Originality. Optimal conditions for obtaining solutions with high viscosity were determined by studying the viscosity of Na-КМК aqueous solutions.
Findings. During the experiments, with decrease of the concentration of Na-CМS in aqueous solutions, their viscosity increased sharply; aqueous solutions of Na-CМSwith high viscosity were obtained in the alkaline medium pH = 8-10;adding of inorganic salts (NaCl, KCl) in aqueous solutions of Na-CМS leads to a decrease in their viscosity.
Key words: starch, sodium salt of carboxymethyl starch, degree of substitution, viscosity of aqueous solutions of Na-CМS.
Highlights:
- The viscosity increases with the decrease in the concentration of Na-CМS in solutions.
- Solutions of Na-CМS with high viscosity are formed in the alkaline environment at pH 8-10.
References
1. Li, S., Tang, J., Chinachotti, P. Thermodynamics of starch-water systems: Ananalysis from solution-gel model on water sorption isotherms// J. Polym. Sci.,Part B, Plym. Phys.- 2003.-V. 34,-Р. 2579-2589.
2. Stojanovic, Z., Jeremic, K., Jovanovic, S., Nierling, W.,Lechner, M. D. Light scattering and viscosity investigationof dilute aqueous solutions of carboxymethyl starch// Starch/Stärke.-2009.- V. 61.-Р. 199–205.
3. Shinde, V. V., Production kinetics and functional properties ofcarboxymethyl sorghum starch// Nat. Prod. Radiance.-2005.-V 4.-Р. 466–470.
4. Tijsen C. J., Voncken R. M., Beenackers A. A. Designof a continuous process for the production of highly substitutedgranular carboxymethyl starch//Chem. Eng. Sci.-2001.-V.56.-Р. 411–418.
5. Kamel S., Sahandir K. Optimization of Carboxymethylation of Starch in Organic Solvents// Inter J. Polymeric Materials.-2007.-V. 56.-No.5.-Р. 511-519.
6. Wandrey C., Bartkowiak A., Harding S. E., in: Zuidam N. J., Nedovic V. A. (Eds.) Encapsulation Technologies for ActiveFood Ingredients and Food Processing, Springer//New York. -2010.-Р. 31–100.
7. Nur Fattima., Al‑Zahara., Tuan Mohamood., Norhazlin Zainuddin., Mansor Ahmad. Preparation, optimization and swelling study of carboxymethyl sago starch (CMSS) – acid hydrogel// Chemistry Central Journal.-2018.-V.12.Р. 133
8. Minaev K.M. end others. Synthesis of Carboxymethyl Starch for increasing drilling mud quality in drilling oil and gas wells// IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. -2016. – V. 43. -P.1-7.
9. Luo, Z., Xu, Z., Characteristics and application of enzymemodifiedcarboxymethyl starch in sausages// LWT – Food Sci.Technol.-2011.-V. 44.Р.1993–1998.
10. Makhkamov M.A. Physico-chemical properties of new functional polymers with carboxyl groups: Abstract of ... thesis. doc. chem. Sciences. -Tashkent / -2018. -62 s.(in Russian)
11. G.A. Ikhtiyarov. Scientific aspects of the creation of highly effective thickeners based on carboxymethyl starch and polyacrylates: Diss ... Doctor of Sciences. -Bukhara, 2010. (in Russian)
12. Babaev T.M. High molecular compounds. T .: “Science and technology”, 2015. -285 p. (in Uzbek)
13. Samandarov Sh.K. Master's dissertation "Physical and chemical properties of aqueous solutions of carboxymethyl starch" Tashkent-2021. (in Uzbek)
To cite this article: Sh. Samandarov, R. Makhkamov, А. Kurbanbaeva, F. Saidkulov. Investigation of the viscosity of aqueous solutions of sodium carboxymethyl starch // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.31-36.
Received: 13.09.2021; Accepted: 05.11.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDK 666.944.2
A. I. Buriev, M. I. Iskandarova, G. B. Begzhanova, F. B. Atabaev, L. M. Kakurina, G. P. Chernysheva
RESEARCH OF THE FORMATION OF THE COMPOSITE STRUCTURE BASED ON PUZZOLAN CEMENT MODIFIED WITH ACTIVE ASH OF THE ANGRENSK TPP
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Joint Stock Company "Quartz"
Abstract. Background. The construction race at the republic requires an increase in the volume of cement production with a simultaneous decrease in the cost and preservation of its physical and mechanical indicators within the limits regulated by the relevant technical documents, which, in turn, requires research on the modification of ordinary Portland cement with mineral additives of high activity.
Purpose. Investigation of the formation of a composite based on a new type of pozzolanic cements of a high degree of filling with an ash-and-slag mixture of dry removal by means of directed structure formation of an artificial conglomerate in the process of their hydration and hardening.
Methodology. The preparation of the compositions of pozzolanic cements was carried out by joint grinding of Portland cement clinker, ash and slag mixture of dry removal of the Angren TPP and gypsum stone. The kinetics of the nucleation of hydrated compounds during their hardening was investigated by X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy.
Originality. The kinetics of the appearance, evolution of hydrated neoplasms and the genesis of the formation of an artificial conglomerate in the process of hardening a new type of pozzolanic cement, highly filled with an ash-and-slag mixture of dry removal, have been established.
Findings. The relationship between the strength of an artificial conglomerate based on a new type of pozzolanic cement and its structural features during hardening has been established.
Keywords: ndustrial waste, ash and slag mixture, dry disposal, cement, clinker, pozzolanic cement, structure formation, conglomerate, strength.
Highlights:
- maximum utilization of dry ash and slag mixture in cement production;
- a new type of pozzolanic cement has been developed;
- an increase in volume and a decrease in prime cost reduces the prime cost of cement;
- improving the environment.
References
1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. “On measures to support the building materials industry”. – Tashkent, August 31, 2021. Source: http://uza.uz/posts/297928. (in Russian)
2. E.I. Putilin, V.S. Tsvetkov. Overview of domestic and foreign experience in the use of waste from the combustion of solid fuels at thermal power plants.-M. : Soyuzdornii, 2003. -60 p. Source: https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data2/1/4293854/4293854006.htm (in Russian)
3. Dvorkin L. I., Dvorkin O. L. Construction materials from industrial waste: educational and reference manual. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2007.-363 p. (in Russian)
4. Vatin N.I., Petrosov D.V., Kalachev A.I., Lakhtinen P. Application of ashes and ash and slag waste in construction // Engineering and Construction Journal.-№4.-2011. -16-21. (in Russian)
5. Khalyushev A.K., Prudnikov V.V., Stelmakh S.A., Shcherban E.M., Nazhuev M.P. Evaluation of the effectiveness of combining mineral additives in fine-grained concrete // Internet journal "NAUKOVEDENIE" - Volume 9. - No. 5. -2017. https://naukovedenie.ru/PDF/25TVN517.pdf (in Russian)
6. JSC "Angren cement plant" 28.05.2009. https://beton.ru/library/3019/elem _226424/ (in Russian)
7. Angren TPP. Light and warmth for your home. 11/23/2018. https://angrentes.uz/novosti/news_post/ao-angrenskaya-tes. (in Russian)
8. Pashchenko A.A. etc. Theory of cement / ed. A.A. Pashchenko. - K. : Budivelnik, 1991. - 168 p. (in Russian)
9. Formation and genesis of the microstructure of cement stone (Electronic stereomicroscopy of cement stone) / Under. Ed. L.G. Shpynova. - Lviv: Vishcha school, 1975. -157 p. (in Russian)
10. Physical and chemical foundations of the formation of the structure of cement stone / ed. L.G. Shpynova. - Lviv: Vishcha school. 1981. -160 p. Source: voscem.ru/articles/cement-vidy/puc cocem/info/ (in Russian)
11. Mechai A. A., Khotyanovich O. E., Sakovich A. A. Hydrolysis and hardening of mineral binders. - Minsk: BSTU, 2012. - 72 p. (in Russian)
12. Sheikin A.E., Chekhovskii Yu.V., Brusser M.I. Structure and properties of cement stone. –M. : Stroyizdat. 1979. -344 p. (in Russian)
13. Pozzolanic cement, features where it is used. Source: https://dvabrevna.ru/stroymaterialyi/putstsolanovyiy-portlandtsement.html (in Russian)
To cite this article: A. I. Buriev, M. I. Iskandarova, G. B. Begzhanova, F. B. Atabaev, L. M. Kakurina, G. P. Chernysheva. Research of the formation of the composite structure based on puzzolan cement modified with active ash of the Angrensk TPP // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.37-44.
Received: 04.10.2021; Accepted: 11.11.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDC 661.183.2
1U. YU. Raximov, 2D. J. Jumaeva, L. G. Aymurzaeva
INVESTIGATION OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF STEAM-ACTIVATED ADSORBENTS
1Namangan Institute of engineering and technology, 2Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Uzbekistan Academy of sciences Email: rumid8887@mail.ru
Abstract. Background. Most of the adsorbents used for the food industry today are imported. The high demand for adsorbents for the separation of juices and the separation of harmful substances from their composition is relevant for its development on the basis of local raw materials and the study of physicochemical properties of adsorbents, adsorption process, as well as their application to the food industry.
Purpose. Physicochemical and adsorption properties of the activated adsorbent on the basis of grape seeds and residues, the juice of which was separated as a waste raw material
Methodology. Methods of determining the amount of moisture and ash, spectrophotometry, porosity on acetone.
Originality. A decrease in the formation of adsorbent yield depending on the temperature of activation of the adsorbent using water vapor was found. It was observed that as the temperature increases, the particles that form clogs in the adsorbent pores turn into gas and fly away. In accordance with the increase in the activation temperature, the sequence of changes in the moisture content of the adsorbent USOP-A-1>USOP-A-2>USOP-A-3 and the change in the amount of ash USOP-А-1<USOP-А-2<USOP-A-3 was determined.
Findings. Adsorbents activated in the temperature range of 600°C÷800°C were obtained by giving water vapor to the grape seed and its products, the juice of which was separated as waste. The specific surface area was determined based on the results of the adsorption isotherm based on the analysis of the moisture content, ash content of the activated adsorbents, as well as the adsorption activity on methylene blue using the potentiometric residue method.
Keywords: pyrolysis, adsorbent, waste, thermal activation, moisture, porosity on acetone, methylene blue.
Highlights:
- waste-based water vapor activated adsorbent.
- granulated, mechanically stable adsorbent.
References
1. Jumaeva D.J. Physico-chemical and adsorption properties of coal adsorbents// Uzbek Chemical Journal. Tashkent, 2017.-No.1.-P.9-15. (in Russian)
2. Jumaeva D.J., Rakhimov U.Yu.,Akhrorova R.O., Eshmetov I.D. The modern state of colloidal-chemical methods and problems of purification of juices // scientific-practical conference on the theme "actual issues of development of chemical and chemical technology spheres in the Republic of Karakalpakstan" dedicated to the 80-year anniversary of Doctor of chemical sciences, professor Quanishbay Otheniazov, who served in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The Nukus. March 24, 2021.- P.431-433 . (in Russian)
3. Rakhimov U.Yu, Jumaeva D.J., Agzamova F.N. Republican scientific-practical conference on"innovative technologies on the basis of local raw materials and secondary resources"//determination of Physico-Chemical Properties of thermally active adsorbent on the basis of waste. Urgench. 2021.- P.224-225. (in Russian)
4. GOST 7657-84 "Charcoal. Technical conditions.Electronic text of the documentprepared by JSC "Kodeks" and verified by:official publicationMoscow: IPK Standards Publishing House, 2002.- P.8 (in Russian)
5. GOST 11014-2001 Interstate standard brown coals, stone coals, anthracite and oil shales. Accelerated methods of moisture determination. Moscow: IPK Publishing House of Standards, 2002.- P.7 (in Russian)
6. GOST 13144-79 Methods for determining the specific surface area. Graphite. Methods for the determination of specific surface. IPK Publishing House of Standards. MoscowElectronic text of the documentprepared by Kodeks CJSC and verified by:official publicationMoscow: IPK Standards Publishing House, 1999. – P.9 (in Russian)
7. GOST 11022-95 Ash content determination methods. Solid mineral fuels. Methods for determination of ash. (in Russian)
8. GOST 4453-74 Active brightening charcoal powdered wood.The electronic text of the document has been preparedJSC "Kodeks" and verified by:official publicationM .:Standartinform, 2006.- P.10 (in Russian)
9. GOST 6217-74Wood crushed activated carbon. Specifications.Official edition. M .: IPK Publishing house of standards, 2003.- P.8 (in Russian)
10. RU.77.99.88.009.E.001534.01.12. Activated carbon "Akticol FA-UV" ("Akticol F AUF"), "Erbsloeh Geisenheim AG", D-65366 Geisenheim, Erbsloehstrasse, (Germany)
11. Koly'shkin D.A, Mihaylova K.K., Сharcoal, Spravochnik., [Activated carbons, handbook ] Himiya, Leningrad: 1969.-P.284 (in Russian)
12. Jumaeva D.J., Toirov O.Z. The obtainment of carbon adsorbents 4 and their compositions for cleaning industrial wastewater//Austrian Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences, 2016.- P.67-70
13. Jumayeva D.J., Eshmatov I.D., Jumabaev B.A., Agzamkhodjayev A.A. Carbon adsorbents on the basis of brown coal of angren for cleaning industrial wastewater//J ChemTechnolMetall 51, 2016. - P.210-214
14. Jumaeva D.J., Mutalov S.A., Jumabaev B.A., Agzamkhodjaev A.A. Pyrolysis products angren coal of Uzbekistan and the possibilities of their use for wastewater treatment//Austrian Journal of Technical and Natural Sciences, 2015.- P.138-143.
To cite this article: U. YU. Raximov, D. J. Jumaeva, L. G. Aymurzaeva. Investigation of the physicochemical properties of steam-activated adsorbents // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.44-50.
Received: 04.10.2021; Accepted: 11.11.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDK 628.31
M. I. Karabayeva, S. R. Mirsalimova, D. S. Salixanova
OBTAINING ACTIVATED CARBONS BASED ON VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS
Fergana Polytechnic Institute, Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, E-mail: salihanova79@mail.ru
Abstract. Background. Currently, one of the main problems is the accumulation of sufficiently large amounts of solid waste in the production of agricultural products, which contain hydrocarbons of high molecular weight such as lignin, cellulose, etc.
Purpose: Determination of an ash content, porosity of peanut shells and pine cones, as well as adsorbents obtained on their basis.
Methodology. Comparative study of colloidal-chemical parameters of the obtained samples using standard methods of analysis.
Originality. On the basis of the studies carried out, the ash content, porosity of peanut shells and pine cones, as well as adsorbents obtained on their basis, were determined. Also, the optimal pyrolysis temperature was determined depending on the ash content and porosity, which is used in many processes of chemical technology, such as cleaning off-gases and waste water. It was found out that with an increase in temperature, the acetone porosity of the resulting adsorbents changes. For the UA-SA sample, the porosity increases to 62.2% at a temperature of 600 - 650°C, and for the UA-ShS sample, the porosity increases to 64.2% at a temperature of 700-750°C, therefore this temperature is considered optimal for these samples, because ... a further increase in temperature hardly changes their porosity.
Findings. On the basis of the studies carried out, the ash content, porosity of peanut shells and pine cones, as well as adsorbents obtained on their basis, were determined. Also, the optimal pyrolysis temperature was determined depending on the ash content and porosity, respectively, 600°C and 700°C.
Key words: activated carbon, adsorbent, ash content, plant raw materials.
Highlights:
- thermolysis increases the sorption capacity;
- the resulting adsorbent purifies wastewater as much as possible;
- purified water can be used as technical water.
References
1. Farberova E.A., Tingaeva E.A., Chuchalina A.D., Kobeleva A.R., Maksimov A.S. Obtaining granulated active carbon from waste plant materials.//Izv. universities. Chemistry and chem. technology. -2018. -T. 61.-Issue. 3.-p.51-572 Biastock K., U. Hofman, Angew. Chemie 53(1940) 327. (in Russian)
2. Carbon nanostructured materials based on plant raw materials./ Under. ed. PER. Mansurov. -Almaty, 2010.-310 p. (in Russian)
3. Osokin V.M., Somin V.A. Research on obtaining new sorbents from plant materials for water purification.// Polzunsky vestn. -2013. -No.1.-S.280-282. (in Russian)
4. Mirsalimova Saodat Rakhmatzhanovna, Salikhanova Dilnoza Saidakbarovna, Karabaeva Muslima Iftikhorovna. Study of the properties and methods of activation of carbon-containing raw materials. (review) // Universum: technical sciences. -2021. -#4-4 (85). URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/izuchenie-svoystv-i-metodov-aktivatsii.... (in Russian)
5. Salikhanova D.S. Influence of pyrolysis temperature on the porosity of carbon adsorbents obtained from Angren coals //Uzb.khim.journal. -2015. -No. 3. - P.20-25. (in Russian)
6. Kolyshkin D.A., Mikhailova K.K. Active coals. Directory. -L .: Chemistry, 1969.- S. 284. (in Russian)
7. Iftixorovna K. M. Study of properties and methods of carbon-containing raw material activation // ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal. - 2020. - T. 10. - No. 11. - P. 442-445.yrya-obzor of cultivation: 06/30/2021). (in Russian)
8. GOST 6217-74. Active charcoal. Wood crushed. Specifications. (in Russian)
9. GOST 6217-52. Determination of porosity by acetone. -C.6 (in Russian)
10. Mukhin V.M., Tarasov A.V., Klushin V.N. Active coals of Russia. -M.: Metallurgy, 2000.-352s. (in Russian)
To cite this article: M. I. Karabayeva, S. R. Mirsalimova, D. S. Salixanova. Obtaining activated carbons based on vegetable raw materials // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.50-55.
Received: 29.07.2021; Accepted: 24.09.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDK 631.417
O. V. Myachina, R. N. Kim, Р. Ganiev, L. E. Mamasalieva, B. A. Pulatov, O. S. Narzullaev, A. Kh. Rakhmonov
EFFECT OF HUMIC FERTILIZERS ON PLANT GROWTH DYNAMICS AND COTTON YIELD
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Abstract. Background. Humic fertilizers are one of the effective tools for regulating the life of cultivated plants and the level of soil fertility through the introduction of valuable substances of natural origin - humic acids.
Purpose. Determination of nutritional and regulatory properties of humic fertilizers; their influence on development and productivity of cotton on soils with a low humus content under irrigation conditions.
Methodology. The collection and analysis of plant samples was carried out during the periods of main phenological phases of cotton plants development. Harvesting, phenological observations, biometric descriptions and counts were approved out in accordance with the methods of SIISSAGC. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA.10 and Excel (Data Analysis package).
Originality. For the first time, the level of cotton plants responsiveness to action of humic phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers has been revealed, growth dynamics and formation of vegetative and reproductive biomass has been established, an increase in cotton yield with compared to traditional fertilizers has been proved.
Findings: A pronounced positive effect of humic phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers on the growth and development of cotton plants has been shown. Additional yield of raw cotton reached 21.8-8.4% with the use of humic superphosphate and 16.3-3.5% - humiccarbamide. Burst and early ripening of raw cotton in variants with humic fertilizers ensures high quality of the cotton wool and greater efficiency of its harvesting.
Key words: humic substances, polyfunctional action, phosphorus, nitrogen, crop, cotton.
Highlights:
- multifunctional action of humic fertilizers on cotton plants were proved scientifically;
- phenophases coming and formation of vegetative and reproductive biomass of plants;
- an increase in cotton yield reached by 21.8-8.4% with humic superphosphate application;
- an increase in cotton yield reached by 16.3-3.5% with humic carbamide application
References
1. D.S. Orlov Humic substances in the biosphere [Electronic resource] // Articles of the Sorovsky Educational Journal in text format. Chemistry. - Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. -2012. – http://www.pereplet.ru/obrazovanie/stsoros/260.html (in Russian)
2. Mustafayeva F.S. Agro-ecological substantiation of the methods of using humic microfertilizers in the technology of corn and spring wheat cultivation for fodder purposes in the conditions of the central region of the non-chernozem zone of Russia // Dissertation. Candidate of Agricultural Sciences. - Karavaevo. – 2016 – 163 p. (in Russian)
3. Bezuglov, V.G. The current state of the use of fertilizers in agricultural enterprises in Russia // AgroEcoInfo. -2014. -No. 2. -S.1-8. https://elibrary.ru/contents.asp. issueid=821060 (in Russian)
4. V. G. Sychev, S. A. Shafran, and S. B. Vinogradova. Soil fertility in Russia and ways of its regulation // Agrochemistry.- 2020.-№ 6.-p. 3-13.(in Russian)
5. Verlinden, G., Pycke, J., Mertens, F., Debersaques, K., Verheyen, G., Baert, J., Bries, G. Application of humic substances results in consistent increases in crop yield and nutrient uptake.// J. Plant Nutr. – 2009. – Р. 12-14.
6. Yusuff, M., Ahmed, O., Majid, N. Effect of Mixing Urea with Humic Acid and Acid Sulphate Soil on Ammonia Loss, Exchangeable Ammonium and Available Nitrate // American Journal of Environmental Sciences. – 2011. – Р. 340-227.
7. Mineev, V.G. (ed) Agrochemistry: Textbook. Moscow: VNII Agrochemistry Publishing House. D.N. Pryanishnikova, 2017. - 854 p. (in Russian)
8. I.I. Lishtvan, A.E. Thomson, N.N. Bambalov, G.V. Naumova, G.P. Brovka B.V. Kurzo, V.A. Rakovich. Research on peat and sapropel of the Institute of Nature Management of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus in the service of the economy of the Republic of Belarus. // Nature management. -2018. -No. 1. -S. 6-25. (in Russian)
9. Ermakov, E.I., Popov, A.I. Aspects of managing the cycle of organic matter in the soil-plant system.// Bulletin of the Russian Agricultural Academy. - 2001. - No. 1. (in Russian)
10. Ermakov, E.I., Popov, A.I. ON THE. Lykov. Humic substances are an effective means of correcting the productivity of agrophytocenoses / E.I. Ermakov, A.I. Popov. -M.: publishing house of Moscow University, 2004 (in Russian)
11. Vinogradova, V.S. On the issue of the physiological activity of complex compounds // Proceedings of the scientific conference "Experience in the use of fertilizers and microelements of directed action to increase the yield and quality of crop production." - Moscow. -2015. (in Russian)
12. V.S. Vinogradova, A.A. Martyntseva, S.N. Kazarin Influence of humic and microfertilizers on the yield of spring wheat.// Agriculture. -2015. -No. 1. -S. 32-34. (in Russian)
13. Khristeva, L.A. The role of humic acid in plant nutrition and humic fertilizers // Proceedings of the Soil Institute im. V.V. Dokuchaev. -1951. -#38. -WITH. 108-184. (in Russian)
14. Demin, V.V., Terent'ev, V.A., Yu.A. Zavgorodnaya. A probable mechanism for the entry of humic substances into living cells.// Humic substances in the biosphere. Proceedings of the II International Conference. -M.: Moscow University Publishing House, 2004.-C 56-66. (in Russian)
To cite this article: O. V. Myachina, R. N. Kim, Р. Ganiev, L. E. Mamasalieva, B. A. Pulatov, O. S. Narzullaev, A. Kh. Rakhmonov. Effect of humic fertilizers on plant growth dynamics and cotton yield // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.55-62.
Received: 01.11.2021; Accepted: 12.11.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDK 631.85+631.41
L. E. Mamasalieva, O.V. Miachina, , R. N. Kim, A. Kh. Rakhmonov, O. S. Narzullaev, S. A. Burieva, B. A. Pulatov
METABOLIC RESPONSE OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES TO ANTHROPOGENIC INPACT IN TYPICAL SIEROZEM AND MEDIUM-SALINE SOIL
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Abstract. Background. The sierozem soils of our region is characterized by a high soil-forming biogenic process, which is exacerbated under irrigation conditions and land treatments, that leads to a decrease in the reserves of humus content. Rational solution to reduce the mineralization processes of soil organic matter, in this case, is the development of mineral phosphorus fertilizers, oriented using on low-humus gray soils with high biological activity.
Purpose: Study of the microbial community’s structure and the direction of soil processes under the influence of new mineral phosphorus fertilizers with a prolonged property on a typical and medium saline gray soil in irrigated agriculture.
Methodology: Soil samples taken from the plow horizon according to the main phases of cotton development. The quantitative accounting of individual physiological groups of microorganisms carried out by the generally accepted dilution method followed by sowing on solid elective nutrient medium.
Originality. For the first time, the effect of new mineral phosphorus fertilizers with a prolonged property on the direction and intensity of soil processes with the participation of microorganisms belonging to different ecological and trophic groups have shown.
Findings. Microbiological studies have shown that new mineral phosphorus fertilizers with a prolonged effect determine the trophic strategy of microorganisms. A moderate number of soil microorganisms of the main ecological and trophic groups: oligotrophs, ammonifiers, actinomycetes, microorganisms assimilating mineral nitrogen, oligonitrophils, provides a decrease in the intensity of mineralization processes in the soil.
Keywords. рhosphate fertilizers, microbial community, fertility, mineralization, typical gray soil, moderately saline soil, cotton.
Highlights:
- gradual dissolution of granules of mineral phosphorus fertilizers;
- microorganisms as indicators are able to change the direction of soil-forming processes;
- using of mineral phosphorus fertilizers, helps to reduce the intensity of mineralization and accumulation of soil organic matter.
References
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2. Shen J.P., Zang L.M., Guo J.F., Ray J.L., He J.Z. (2010) Impact of long-term fertilization practices on the abundance and composition of soil bacterial communities in Northeast China. Appl soil Ecol 46(1):119-124. https://doi.org/10.16/j.apsoil.2010.06.015
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8. Gu S.S. Hu Q.L., Cheng Y.Q., Bai L.Y., Liu Z.H., Xiao W.J., Gong Z., Wu Y., Feng K., Deng Y., Tan L. (2019) application of organic fertilizer improves microbial community diversity and alters microbial network structure in tea (Camellia sinensis) plantation soils. Soil Tillage Res 195:104356 https://doi.org/10.106/j.still. 2019 .104356
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11. Islam M.R., Singh Chauhan P., Kim Y., Kim M., Sa T. (2011) Community level functional diversity and enzyme activities in paddy soils under different long-term fertilizer management practices. Bio Fertil Soils 47:599-604. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-010-0524-2
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To cite this article: L. E. Mamasalieva, O.V. Miachina, , R. N. Kim, A. Kh. Rakhmonov, O. S. Narzullaev, S. A. Burieva, B. A. Pulatov. Metabolic response of microbial communities to anthropogenic inpact in typical sierozem and medium-saline soil // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.63-70.
Received: 01.11.2021; Accepted: 12.11.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
UDK 543.251:541.25:541.13:541.8
D. A. Ziyaev, M. N. Sayfiev, N. Atakulova, U. G. Akhmajonov
INVERSION VOLTAMMETRIC DETERMINATION OF COPPER (II) AND ZINC USING GRAPHITE-CONTAINING ELECTRODES MODIFIED EDTA
1National University of Uzbekistan, 100174, Uzbekistan, Tashkent, E-mail msayfiyev351@gmail.com
Abstract. Background. The created modified graphite-containing electrodes (MGE), which are not inferior in their metrological characteristics to the electrodes used in the practice of electroanalytical chemistry.
Purpose. To establish the influence of the nature and concentration of the analytes to be determined on the metrological parameters of the modified electrodes and to develop on their basis an inversion-voltammetric method for determining copper and zinc ions.
Methodology. Modified graphite-containing sensors, copper(II) and zinc ions were selected as objects of research. The study was performed using the inversion-voltammetric method.
Originality. New inversion-voltammetric methods and graphite-containing sensors with modified complexing reagents for the determination of copper and zinc ions are proposed. The positive effect of the modification of the studied organic compounds on their chemical and analytical properties is shown.
Findings. An inversion-voltammetric method for determining copper and zinc ions using graphite-containing electrodes modified with EDTA has been developed. Optimal conditions for the production of modified electrodes, the determination of copper and zinc by complexing electrodes are found. The technique has been tested on various types of real samples.
Key words: modified graphite-containing electrodes, sensor, copper, zinc, EDTA, inversion-voltammetric method.
Highlights:
- the effect of modification of organic agents on the properties of electrodes;
- inversion-voltammetric methods for the determining copper and zinc;
- the method is applicable for monitoring environmental objects.
References
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on the body / T.I. Suldina // Rational nutrition, nutritional supplements and biostimulants. - 2016. - No. 1. - P. 136 - 140. (in Russian)
3. Zhidkin. IN AND. Ways of food contamination / V.I. Zhidkin, A.M. Semushev //Third readings in memory of Professor O.A. Zauralov: materials of the Intern. scientific-practical. conf. (Saransk, May 13, 2011). – Saransk.-2011. - P. 20-23. (in Russian)
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6. Yu.Yu. Lurie. Handbook of analytical chemistry.- M: Chemistry. 1989. 446p. (in Russian)
7. Gevorgyan A.M., Ziyaev A.L., Nagaev R.N. Optimization of the ratios of the components of the mixture of carbon paste and modifier in the creation of electrodes used in the stripping voltammetric determination of indium and thorium. (in Russian)
8. Ziyaev D.A. Stripping voltammetric determination of indium in the presence of cadmium and zinc. // Chemistry and chemical technology.-2011.-No4.- P. 70-72. (in Russian)
To cite this article: D. A. Ziyaev, M. N. Sayfiev, N. Atakulova, U. G. Akhmajonov. Inversion voltammetric determination of copper (II) and zinc using graphite-containing electrodes modified EDTA // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.71-76.
Received: 04.10.2021; Accepted: 09.11.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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UDK 543.4:543.422.3:546.817
M. S. Bobomurodova, Z. A. Smanovab, L. S. Rakhimova, K. E. Donieva
SORPTION-PHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF LEAD (II)
1Tashkent Technical University named after Islam Karimov, 2National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirza Ulugbek, Vuzgorodok, Tashkent, e-mail: kimyogar512009@mail.ru, Smanova.chem@mail.ru
Abstract. Background. The main sources of anthropogenic input of heavy metals into the environment, especially lead, are various industrial enterprises, the automotive industry.
Purpose: development of a sorption-spectrophotometric technique for the determination of lead ions with an immobilized reagent Arsenazo III on a polymer material.
Methodology. Methods of reflection spectrophotometry, as well as sorption-spectrophotometric methods were used. The optimal conditions for immobilization and complexation were studied depending on time, environment, temperature and other factors.
Originality. A technique was developed for the sorption-spectrophotometric determination of lead ions using immobilized arsenazo III on a polymer fiber, which made it possible to improve the analytical and metrological parameters of the method for its determination.
Findings. The optimal conditions for the immobilization and complexation of lead (II) ions with immobilized arsenazo III on a fibrous sorbent were determined, and when studying the effect of pH on the sorption of lead (II) ions, it was found that the sorbent quantitatively extracts lead (II) up to 90-92% in the pH range from 2.0-4.0.
Key words: analytical reagent, arsenazo III, immobilization, sorption spectroscopy, sorption, lead (II) ions.
Highlights:
- research in the field of using the immobilized reagent in real objects;
- concentration, separation and determination of lead ions by immobilized reagents.
References
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8. Water. Indicator systems / V.M. Ostrovskaya [and others].- M.: VINITI. ECONIKS, 2002. -264 p. (in Russian)
9. The use of thin-layer sorbents based on pyrogallol red for the test determination of lead / T.B. Pochinok [et al.] //Ecological Bulletin of BSES Scientific Centers. -2010.-No. 3.- S. 37-42. (in Russian)
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17. S.A. Zabolotnykh, S.A. Denisova // Bulletin of the Perm University. T 10., Issue 3. - 2020 st 268-277. DOI: 10.17072/2223-1838-2020-3-268-276. (in Russian)
18. Denisova S.A., and Lesnov A.E. “Effect of Surfactant Different Nature on Spectrophotometric Characteristics of the Scandium Complex with Xylenol Orange”//Perm University Bulletin. Chemistry.- V. 9.No. 3. Pp. 240–249. (In Russ.).DOI: 10.17072/2223-1838-2019-3-240-249
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To cite this article: M. S. Bobomurodova, Z. A. Smanovab, L. S. Rakhimova, K. E. Donieva. Sorption-photometric determination of lead (II) // Uzbek chemical journal. -2021. – Nr5. - Pp.76-83.
Received: 29.07.2021; Accepted: 27.09.2021; Published: 12.11.2021
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