VOLUME NR 4
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
UDK 541.123.4
J. S. Shukurov, A. S. Togasharov, S. Tukhtaev
SOLUBILITY OF COMPONENTS IN H3PO4•CO(NH2)2-NH3-H2O SYSTEM
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Uzbek Academy of Sciences
Abstract. Background. In agricultural production, along with the use of agro technical methods for cultivating potatoes and legumes, it is necessary to influence plants with chemical preparations that cause the leaves to fall off or the leaves of plants to dry, that helps accelerating the outflow of nutrient physiologically active substances from the leaves and plant branches to fruit crops. All this leads to early ripening and hanging of the crop and opens the possibility of wide application of mechanization in harvesting agricultural products
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to provide a physical-chemical basis for the preparation of such effective drugs. It is of interest to study the behavior of urea phosphate and ammonia used as additives to chlorate-containing preparations in the H3PO4•CO(NH2)2-NH3-H2O system.
Methodology. The chemical analyses were fulfilled via methods: determination of the chlorate ion – with volume permanganatometric, sodium – with flame photometric. Measurement of the viscosity of the solutions was carried out using a HPLC viscometer, pH of the solutions was determined by means of pH-meter FE 20 METTLER TOLEDO.
Originality. Polythermal and "composition-properties" of the diagram are created on the basis of studying the solubility in a system involving water, urea phosphate and ammonia. Optimum conditions for the synthesis of a 36% solution of ammonium urea phosphate were established.
Findings. Basing on polythermic binary systems and internal sections, a polythermic diagram of the solubility of the H3PO4•CO(NH2)2-NH3-H2O system was constructed in the temperature range from -23.6 to 30.8 ° C. The polythermic solubility diagram demarcates the crystallization fields of ice, urea phosphate, ammonium di-hydrogen phosphate, ammonium hydrogen phosphate and ammonium phosphate. The crystallization temperatures, viscosity, density and pH of the medium, solutions of the system [40 % H3PO4•CO(NH2)2 + 60 % H2O] - [20 % NH3 + 80 % H2O] are determined.
Keywords: solubility, system, diagram, concentration, defoliants, viscosity.
Highlights:
*crystallization fields of components of the system are delineated;
*optimal technological parameters for obtaining a liquid defoliant were established.
References
1. Ilyuk G.N. Sovershenstvovanie tehnologii proizvodstva vyisokokachestvennyih semyan podsolnechnika: avtoref. diss. … kand.s.-h.nauk. Krasnodar, 2007.16 s.
2. Nemchenko V.V., Zamyatin A.A. YEffektivnost` preduborochnogo primeneniya gerbicida Uragan Forte (desikaciya) na posevah yarovoy pshenicyi v Kurganskoy oblasti // Agrarnyiy vestnik Urala. -2011. -No.5. -S.14-15.
3. Koshkin E. I., Gataulina G. G., D`yakov A. B. i dr. CHastnaya fiziologiya polevyih kul`tur / Pod red. E. I. Koshkina. - M.: Kolos, 2005. - 344 s.
4. Aliev N.A. Defoliantyi i desikantyi hlopchatnika: Spravochnik. Tashkent: FAN, 1990. - 48 s.
5. Zubkova N.F., Gruzinskaya N.A. Primenenie i osobennosti deystviya defoliantov i desikantov (Obzor) // Agrohimiya. -1991. -No.8. -S.126 - 143.
6. Zubkova N.F. Defoliantyi i desikantyi //Zas`hita rasteniy. -1985. -No.8. -S.52 - 54.
7. S. YA. Popov, L. A. Dorozhkina, V. A. Kalinin. Osnovyi himicheskoy zas`hityi rasteniy. Moskva, 2003. -190 c.
8. Kulaeva O.N. YEtilen v zhizni rasteniy // Sorosovskiy obrazovatel`nyiy zhurnal. -1998. -No.11. -S.78-84.
9. Trunin A.S. Petrova D.G. Vizual`no-politermicheskiy metod/ Kuybyishevskiy politehn. Ins-t. - Kuybyishev. 1977.-94s./ Dep. v VINITI No. 584-78 Dep.
10. Zdanovskiy A.B., Gallurgiya: -L.: Himiya. 1972. -572s.
11. GOST 20851. 1-75-GOST 20851.4-75/ Udobreniya mineral`nyie metodyi analiza. Moskva. 1977. -56s.
12. Poluyektov N.S. Metodyi analiza po fotometrii plameni. -M. U Himiya, 1967.-307s.
13. GOST 10483-77. Hloratmagniya.Tehnicheskie usloviya - M.: Izd-vo standartov, 1977.-5s.
14. GOST 12257-77. Hloratnatriya.Tehnicheskie usloviya.-M.: Izd-vostandartov, 1987. -15s.
15. Klimova V.A. Osnovnyie mikrometodyi analiza organicheskih soedineniy M.: Himiya, 1975.-224 s.
16. Frolov YU.G Poverhnostnoe yavlenie i dispersnyie sistemyi // Kurs kolloidnoy himii. -M. -1982. -S.117-124.
17. Gorbachev S.V. Praktikum po fizicheckoy himii -M.: Vyisshaya shkola. 1974. -310s.
18. Molodkin A.K., YEllert G.V., Ivanova O.M., Skotnikova G.A. O soedineniyah karbamida s kislotami. // ZHurn.neorgan.himii. - M.:Nauka. -1967. -T.7. -Vyip.4. -S.947-957.
19. Nurahmetov N.N., Beremzhanov B.A., Hanapin K.G. Politerma rastvorimosti sistemyi CO(NH2)2 - H3PO4 -H2O. // ZHurnal prikladnoy himii. - L.:Nauka. -1973. -S.2405-2408.
20. Luneva N.K., Petrovskaya L.I., RekashovaN.I. Termicheskie prevras`heniya sistemyi N3RO4- SO(NN2)2. // ZH. prikl. himii. -2000. -No.10. -S.1585-159.
21. Abramova G.V., Ryiskalieva A.K., Nurahmetov N.N., ZHakanbaeva A.K. Termohimicheskie svoystva nekotoryih amid kislot. Materialyi Mezhd. Nauchno-prakticheskoy konf. "Termodinamika i kinetika ravnovesnyih i neravnovesnyih himicheskih processov" // Vestnik KazNU. Ser.him. -2002. -No.1.-S.59-62.
To cite this article: J. S. Shukurov, A. S. Togasharov, S. Tukhtaev. Solubility of components in H3PO4•CO(NH2)2-NH3-H2O system // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. - Nr4. - Pp.3-8.
Received: 31.07.2018; Accepted: 28.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
UDK 631.85.661
T. I. Nurmurodov, M. P. Turaev, A. U. Erkaev, B. Kh. Kucharov, Z. K.Tairov
THE GRAPHIC-ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE PROCESSING AND RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SUSPENSION, FORMED IN THE CONVERSION PROCESS OF AMMONIUM PHOSPHATES
Navoi State Mining Institute, Tashkent Chemical Technological Institute, E-mail: kbx74@yandex.ru
Abstract. Background. At present, the processes of chemical extraction of harmful substances from thermal or extraction phosphoric acid are subjected to development. Perspective of them are those that apply phosphate raw materials that do not contain harmful impurities. So they try to obtain defluorinated phosphates and their subsequent conversion into single- or di-substituted fodder phosphates. The solution of the set tasks will allow to ensure to a considerable extent, the reduction of the cost of mineral fertilizing, and to increase the efficiency of their use in livestock production. This will be a significant contribution to the implementation of the plans foreseen by the Food Program of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Purpose. The aim of this work is to develop a method for grapho-analytical determination in optimal technological parameters for the calcium phosphate production from purified monoammonium phosphate by its conversion with calcium-containing components Ca(NO3)2, Ca(OH)2, CaCl2, CaCO3.
Methodology.The experiments were conducted in a joint defluorination and de-desulfuration of EPA with sodium sulfates and initial phosphorite. The norm of sodium sulfate was 100%, phosphorite - 120% from stoichiometry to SiF62- and SO42- respectively. The process was carried out at a temperature of 70˚C for 60 minutes.
Originality. For the first time grapho-analytical method was developed for controlling the conversion processes of MAP with calcium nitrate and ammonization of the formed pulps. This method allows us to quickly monitor process parameters by chemical analyzes, which take a long time.
Findings.It was investigated the process of dicalcium phosphate by conversion of the purified MAP solution with calcium nitrate was found that at pH 4.2-4.8 within 50 minutes, well-filtering large crystals of the product are formed. The resulting dicalcium phosphate meets the requirements of the standard for fodder phosphates.
Key words: рhosphorus fertilizers, calcium nitrate, fluoride ions.
Highlights:
* the technology has been developed for obtaining dicalcium phosphate;
* the material balance of the developed technology is compiled.
References
1. Pozin M.E. Tehnologiya mineral`nyih soley. -L.: "Himiya", 1974. -T.II. -S.1032.
2. Watanaber O., Kikuchi M. Sci. Rept. ToyoSodamanuf. Co.ltd., 1987.-V.22.- No.2. -P.51.
3. Sokolovskiy A.A., Sladkova M.V., Gofman I.L. Trudyi NIUF. -1938.-Vyip.143.-S. 21
4. Antosikov A.I i dr. Sposob polucheniya kormovogo fosfata // Him. prom. -1997.- No.2. -S.118.
5. Patent SSHA No.3409394 "Poluchenie fosfatov kal`ciya." Opubl. 5.11.68. Zayavl. 22.12.67. kl.23-109.
6. Kal`ciyfosfat kormovoy. GOST 23999-80. -M.: Izdatel`stvo standartov, 1986.-S.10.
7. Teplov YU.A., Olifson A.L., Maksimenko N.F. i dr. Poluchenie kormovogo precipitate iz yekstrakcionnoy fosfornoy kislotyi //Him.prom. -1981. - No.8. -S. 470-472.
8. A.S. 823367 SSSR. Sposob polucheniya kormovogo precipitate / YU.A.Teplov, A.L. Olifson, V.F. Pomarev i N.F. Maksimenko. -Opubl. v B.I. 1981.- No.15.
9. A.S. 939334 SSSR. Sposob polucheniya Kormovogo precipitate / V.M. Borbin, A.L. Smir.-Opubl.v B.I. -1982. -No.24.
10. Metodyi analiza fosfatnogo syir`ya, fosfornyih i kompleksnyih udobreniy, kormovyih fosfatov / VIINIK. M.M., Erbanova L.N. i dr. -M:.Himiya, 1975. -218 s.
11. Kivilis S.S. Tehnika izmereniya plotnosti zhidkostey i tverdyih tel.-M.: Izd-vo standartov, 1966.-15 s.
12. Praktikum po fizicheskoy himii / O.A. Burmistrov, M.H. Karapetyanc, G.S. Kartenikov i dr.: Pod red. S.V. Gorbacheva.-M.: Vyisshaya shkola, 1974.-496 s.
To cite this article: T. I. Nurmurodov, M. P. Turaev, A. U. Erkaev,B. Kh. Kucharov, Z. K. Tairov. The graphic-analytical determination of optimum technological parameters of calcium phosphate processing and rheological properties of the suspension, formed in the conversion process of ammonium phosphates // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. - Nr4. - Pp.9-18.
Received: 21.05.2018; Accepted: 18.07.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
UDK 661.632.14
А. А. Rasulov, Sh. S. Namazov, А. R. Seytnazarov, О. А. Badalova, B. М. Beglov
UNARY PHOSPHORIC AND AMMOPHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS BASED ON PHOSPHORIC AND SULPHURIC ACID PROCESSING OF CENTRAL KYZYL KUM PHOSPHORITE
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Uzbek Academy of Sciences
Abstract. Background. Ammophosphate is a nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer concerning to the kind of partially decomposed phosphates. To increase its marble, that is, to increase its phosphorus content, it is necessary to purify ammophosphate slurry from suspensions, magnesium compounds and oxydes.
Purpose. Investigation of the process of obtaining single phosphoric and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers by means of sulfur monohydrate and phosphoric acid decomposition of washed dried phosphorus concentrate (WDPC) of KyzylKumphosphorites followed by separation of phosphate pulp for liquid and solid phases.
Methodology. The decomposition of phosphate raw materials is carried out at P2O5WPA: H2SO4mng: P2O5 and temperature 70°C for 60 min. After separation, the liquid phase is additionally ammoniated to pH 5. Then the wallpaper phases are dried and granulated. P2O5 is determined by photocolorimetric, CaO - complexometric and SO3 by weight methods, nitrogen - by method of Deward.
Originality. It is shown that by partial ammonization of phosphoric acid gypsum pulp with its subsequent separation into solid and liquid phases, respectively, enriched superphosphate and ammophosphate are obtained.
Findings. Optimum conditions are found: WPA: H2SO4 mng: WDPC = 100: 5: 10 and 100: 7.5: 10 (or P2O5 WPA: H2SO4mng: P2O5 WDPC = 1: 0.28: 0.08 and 1: 0.42: 0.08) and pH of slurry 2.5-3, at which simple phosphoric fertilizers with P2O5 wat. : Р2О5 tot. not less than 50% and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers with the content of more than 50% P2O5 and 14% N, and in easily digestible forms.
Keywords: mixture of phosphoric and sulfuric acids, washed and dried phosphorus concentrate, decomposition.
Highlights.
* the process of sulfur and phosphoric acid decomposition
* two different types of product were obtained: simple phosphoric and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer.
References
1. A.s.1017697 SSSR. MKI S 05 V 11/04. Sposob polucheniya fosforsoderzhas`hih udobreniy / A.A. Suetinov, P.V. Klassen, V.A. Varfolomeev, A.A. Novikov, K.G. Sadyikov, A.V. Kononov, A.A. Brodskiy, YU.M. Kipriyanov, V.A.Zaycev. - B.I. 1983 - No. 18.
2. A.s.1399301 SSSR. MKI S 05 V 19/00.Sposob polucheniya ammofosfata / A.A. Suetinov, V.A. Hamidov, V.I. Levin, A.P. Egorov, V.A. Rakov, O.V. Gabeskiriya. - B.I. 1988. - No. 20.
3. A.s.1583402 SSSR. MKI S 05 V 11/04. Sposob polucheniya ammofosfata / I.M. Astrelin, V.G. Bogachev, YU.A.Omel`chenko, M.M. Mirhodzhaev. - B.I. 1990. - No. 29.
4. Suetinov A.A., Novikov A.A., YAnishevskiy F.V., Mikaev B.T., Gabeskiriya O.V., Kuznecova A.G., Levin V.I., Starodubcev V.S. Issledovaniya, razrabotka i osvoenie tehnologii novogo slozhnogo udobreniya - ammofosfata // Obz.inf. NIITYEHIM. Ser.: Mineral. udobr. i ser. k-ta. M.: NIITYEHIM, 1987. - 56 s.
5. TU 113-08-552-84. Ammofosfat. 1984.
6. Portnova N.L., Klenickiy A.I., Kononov A.V. Reakcii, protekayus`hie pri ammonizacii yekstrakcionnoy fosfornoy kislotyi // NIUIF, Moskva, 1979g, 9 str. Dep. v ONIITYEHIM, g.CHerkassyi, No. 3275/79.
7. Kononov A.V., Trutneva N.V., Lenyova Z.L., Evdokimova L.M. Kolichestvo i sostav tverdoy fazyi, obrazuyus`heysya pri ammonizacii yekstrakcionnoy fosfornoy kislotyi iz ryadovyih rud basseyna Karatau v interval izmeneniya pH 1,3-2,5 // Himicheskaya promyishlennost` -1983. - No.7. - S. 417-419.
8. Rasulov A.A., Badalova O.A., Alimov U.K., Namazov SH.S., Seytnazarov A.R., Beglov B.M. Obogas`hennyiy superfosfat i ammofosfatnoe udobrenie na osnove fosfornokislotnoy pererabotki zabalansovoy fosforitnoy rudyi. // YElektronnyiy nauchnyiy zhurnal (Rossiya). UNIVERSUM, Tehnicheskie nauki. - 2017. - No. 8(41). - S. 47-55.
9. Vinnik M.M., Erbanova L.N., Zaycev P.M. i dr. Metodyi analiza fosfatnogo syir`ya, fosfornyih i kompleksnyih udobreniy, kormovyih fosfatov. - M.: Himiya, 1975. - 218 s.
10. GOST 30181.4-94. Mineral`nyie udobreniya. Metod opredeleniya summarnoy massovoy doli azota, soderzhas`hegosya v slozhnyih udobreniyah i selitrah v ammoniynoy i nitratnoy formah.
11. Milas`henko N.Z. Sul`fat ammoniya - perspektivnaya forma azotnogo udobreniya // Agrohimicheskiy vestnik. - 2004. - No.2. - S.3.
12. Kopeykina A.N. Znachenie vtorichnyih yelementov pitaniya dlya sel`skohozyaystvennyih kul`tur // Himicheskaya promyishlennost` zarubezhom - M.: NIITYEHIM. 1984. – No.1. - str. 26-44.
To cite this article: А. А. Rasulov, Sh. S. Namazov, А. R. Seytnazarov, О. А. Badalova, B. М. Beglov. Unary phosphoric and ammophosphate fertilizers based on phosphoric and sulphuric acid processing of Central Kyzylkum phosphorite // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. - Nr4. -Pp.18-25.
Received: 03.08.2018; Accepted: 29.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
UDK 669.28
1D. B. Kholikulov, 2M. M. Yakubov, 3S. N. Rasulova, 3V. P. Guro
EFFECTIVE METHOD OF PROCESSING ZINC CAKE
1Almalyk branch of the Tashkent State Technical University; 2GUP "Fan va tarakkiet" TSTU; 3IONH AS RU.
Abstract. Background. Creation of a waste-free technology for processing zinc raw materials at Almalyk GMK JSC is actual. Cakes are subjected to rolling with the addition of coke and oil coke in an amount of 30-40% of the mass of the processed material. Welz-furnace gases are discharged to the atmosphere, the clinker is partly transferred to the copper smelter, most of it is stored in tailings dumps.
The purpose is to develop a technology for extracting valuable components from the zinc cake production by a non-traditional method, thermo-steam processing, sulfuric acid leachings, ensuring the recovery of metals, reducing processing costs.
Methodology. Experiments on calcination of cakes (with a sample of 100-200 g) are carried out on a plant from a steam generator, cooling and catching sublimation systems, a vacuum pump and a tubular rotating electric furnace with an internal diameter 53 mm, length 517 mm. The inside of it is made of quartz.
Originality. For the first time the possibility of processing zinc cakes with thermo-steam processing has been revealed. It has been established that sulfuric acid leaching is an effective method of leaching metals from thermoprocessed products.
Findings. It was found out that with sulfuric acid cake leaching the optimal duration is 2,5 hours with sulfuric acid concentrations of 170 g / l, at a temperature of 80 °C. The degree of extraction of zinc in the solution is 92.6%, copper 81.5% at cake output 45-46%. The resulting sulfuric acid solution contains (g/l): zinc - 125.4; copper -1.44; iron -4,2.
Keywords: zinc, cake, flotation, leaching, thermal treatment.
Highlights
*thermo-steam processing of cake at zinc production;
*reduction in the mass of the product;
*an increase in the content of zinc and other metals in the cinder.
References
1. Romanteev YU.P., Byistrov V.P. Metallurgiya tyazhelyih cvetnyih metallov. Svinec.Cink.Kadmiy: - M.: Izd. dom MISiS, 2010. - 575 s.
2. Allabergenov R.D., Ahmedov R.K., Mihaylov S.V. Klinker cinkovogo proizvodstva–novoe promyishlennoe polimetallicheskoe mineral`noe syir`yo cvetnoy metallurgii i puti ego kompleksnoy pererabotki. // Uzbekskiy himicheskiy zhurnal AN RUz. - Tashkent. 2012. -No.3.-S.43-49.
3. Marchenko N. V., Vershinina E. P., Gil`debrandt YE. M. Metallurgiya tyazhelyih cvetnyih metallov. - Krasnoyarsk : IPK SFU, 2009.-394 s.
5. Laykin A.YA. Opyit primeneniya kisloroda v metallurgicheskih processah na Ust`-Kamenogorskom svincovo-cinkovom kombinate. M.:Cvetmetinformaciya,1963.-s.38.
6. Turesebekov A.H. Mineralo-geohimicheskaya i tehnologicheskaya ocenka mednyih klinkerov cinkovogo proizvodstva. - Tashkent. Otchet, 1995 g.
7. Smirnov K.M., Pirkovskiy S.A. Bezothodnaya pererabotka otvalov klinkera cinkovyih zavodov na tovarnuyu produkciyu s poputnyim izvlecheniem zolota i serebra. - FGUP VNIIHT. Otchet, 2006 g.
8. Andreeev YU. V., Greyver T. N., Zayceva I. G. Sposob pererabotki cinkovogo klinkera vel`c-pechey. - Patent 1836461,1992. (Byull.No.31).
9. Klyayn S. YE., Kozlov P.A. Naboychenko S.S. Izvlechenie cinka iz rudnogo syir`ya. Ekaterinburg.UGTU-UPI. 2009. - 491 s.
10. Kazanbaev L. A. Razrabotka usovershenstvovannoy tehnologii pererabotki kekov cinkovogo proizvodstva s izvlecheniem indiya. Moskva. 2000.
11. YUn A.B. Gidrometallurgicheskaya pererabotka keka avtoklavnogo vyis`helachivaniya cinkovogo koncentrata. 2009. TOO "Kazgidromed`" NICIT
12. Snurnikov A. P. Gidrometallurgiya cinka. - M., Metallurgiya, 1981.- 384 s.
13. Vladimirov L. P. Termodinamicheskie raschetyi ravnovesiya metallurgicheskih reakcii. - M.; Metallurgiya. 1970. -528 s.
14. Ahtamov F.YE., Nishonov B. U. K voprosu pererabotki cinkovyih kekov. Resurso- i yenergosberegayus`hie tehnologii v chernoy metallurgii.-2016, -No.1(18), -S.69-71.
To cite this article: D. B. Kholikulov, M. M. Yakubov, S. N. Rasulova, V. P. Guro. Effective method of processing zinc cake // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. - Nr4. - Pp.25-30.
Received:17.07.2018; Accepted: 17.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
UDK 661.666.2
D. K. Adylov, A. U. Mirzaev, N. I. Chernichenko, B. T. Sabirov
CONCENTRATION OF GRAPHITE ORE OF THE TUSKAZGAN DEPOSIT OF BUKHARA REGION
Navoi Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Navoi, Galaba Ave. Memorlar, 2, e-mail: Adilov1946@mail.ru.
Abstract. Background. As a result of development of all industries brunches a comprehensive research and development of technologies for the enrichment and processing of demanded graphite ores for the purpose of obtaining graphite is of importance. In this respect, graphite ores of the Tuskazgan deposit of the Bukhara region, which need enrichment, are of great interest as raw materials.
Purpose is to choose the method of enrichment of the graphite ore of the Tuskazgan deposit by the example of concentrating plants of other countries. Experimental way to select the optimal composition of flotation agents for the enrichment of graphite ores of the Tuskazgan deposit.
Methodology. At laboratory researches the flotation was carried out on a mechanical flotation machine of FML-12 trademark. Milling and classification of graphite ore samples were carried out using standard laboratory equipment, according to a standard procedure.
Originality. The optimum composition of flotation agents was obtained by comparing mixtures prepared from different quantities of collectors and blowing agents that showed the best results in the flotation of graphite ores. The kinetics of grinding of graphite ore from the Tuskazgan deposit of the Bukhara region
Findings. To determine the optimum composition of flotation agents tabular graphite concentrate yield data with different collectors and foams are given. It was found that the optimal yield of graphite grade ore - 0.074 mm is 65 and more percent when grinding it for 10 minutes.
Keywords: graphite ore, flotation, collector, foaming agent, enrichment, flotation machine, kinetics of grinding.
Highlights:
*kinetics of grinding of graphite ore of the Tuskazgandeposit was studied.
*the optimal composition of flotation agents was determined by experiment.
*the optimum concentration of flotation reagents was determined
References
1. Mineral`naya syir`evaya baza stroitel`nyih materialov Uz SSR // Tashkent 1967 g. pod rukovodstvom E.I.Semechkinoy.
2. Mineral`no-syir`evyie resursyi Uzbekistana (chast` 2). T., Fan, 1977. -553 s. -S.101-104.
3. Hamidov R.A. Grafitovyie rudyi Uzbekistana i puti ih promyishlennogo ispol`zovaniya // Geologiya i mineral`nyie resursyi. -2011.-No.2.-S.34-40.
4. V.I. Bragina, I.I. Baksheeva. Razrabotka tehnologii obogas`heniya grafitovyih rud // Gornyiy informacionno–analiticheskiy byulleten. M.:izd. ZAO "Gornayakniga" 2012.- No. 9. -S.133-137
5. Abdurahmanov YE.A., Doniyarov N.A. Kurs lekciy po predmetu "Tehnologiya obogas`heniya nerudnyih poleznyih iskopaemyih”. Navoi - 2008.-S.144.
6. GOST 17817 - 78. Grafit. Metodyi otbora i podgotovki prob dlya ispyitaniy.
7. http: //www.chemport.ru.
To cite this article: D. K. Adylov, A. U. Mirzaev, N. I. Chernichenko, B. T. Sabirov. Concentration of graphite ore of the Taskaska deposit of Bukhara region // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. – Nr4. – Pp.30-35.
Received: 01.08.2018; Accepted: 24.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
UDK 66.097.3(088.8)
V. P. Guro, M. A. Ibragimova, E. T. Safarov, F. N. Fuzailova, A. T. Dadakhodzhaev
EXTRACTION OF CADMIUM FROM THE SPENT CADMIUM-CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE CATALYST
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of theRepublic of Uzbekistan, e-mail vpguro@rambler.ru
Abstract. Background. In the production of acetaldehyde JSC "Navoiazot" uses "Cadmium-calcium-phosphate catalyst (CCP-H)" TU 113-03-00209510-108-2006. It requires replacement every 3 to 6 months. It is possible to process the spent catalyst and return cadmium to a new cycle of synthesis of CCP. The required processing technology is absent
Purpose. To develop a process for the selective recovery of cadmium from a spent catalyst as a metal, oxide or salt for reuse (recycling).
Methodology. The CdO, CaO and P2O5 fractions in the spent CCP were determined on an ICP-MS spectrometer. The CCP samples were dissolved in acids, with the separation of graphite on the filter from the decomposition solutions of the CCP. The sorption of cations was carried out on Purolite C100H resin.
Originality. A method has been developed for the selective recovery of cadmium from the spent CCP catalyst in the form of a nitrate salt suitable for reuse (recycling) in the synthesis of the CCP catalyst.
Findings. An isotherm of the sorption of cadmium ions on the C-100 Purolite resin is constructed. Information has been obtained on the optimal solvents of the spent catalyst of the CCP and on cadmium ion precipitators. A method for the selective extraction of cadmium has been developed and successfully tested.
Key words: cadmium-calcium-phosphate catalyst; method test, sorption, cation exchange, selective extraction
Highlights:
*a method has been developed for processing the spent CCP catalyst;
*the method requires refinement to improve the recovery of cadmium.
References
1. Guro V.P., Dadahodzhaev A.T., Ibragimova M.A., Fuzaylova F.N. Poluchenie kadmiy - kal`ciy–fosfatnogo katalizatora sinteza acetal`degida // Uzb. himich. zh. - 2018. -Nr1. - S.15-21.
2. Gorin YU.A. Goshimgidrat, TZ (1959). - S. 8 (194) - 14 (200); T2 (1959). - S. 85 (177) - 88 (180).
3. A.s. SSSR No. 295578. V.YE. Gaag, N.V. Petrusheva. Sposob regeneracii kadmiy kal`ciy fosfatnogo katalizatora. Zayavl.13.01.1970, Opubl. 12.11.1971. Byull.No.8
4. A.s. SSSR №166653. I.I. Kukushkin, B.I. Kruglov, L.S. Pahomova. Sposob polucheniya kadmiy - kal`ciy–fosfatnogo katalizatora. Zayavl.12.04.1963; Opubl. 01.12.1964. Byull. 28. Opubl. opisanie 11.01.1965.
5. Murthy Z.V.P. (2014) Cadmium, Recovery of. In: Drioli E., Giorno L. (eds) Encyclopedia of Membranes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
6. Ligiane R.Gouvea, Carlos A.Morais. Recovery of zinc and cadmium from industrial waste by leaching/cementation // Minerals Engineering, Volume 20, Issue 9, August 2007, Pages 956-958.
7. C.A. Nogueira, F.Delmas, New flowsheet for the recovery of cadmium, cobalt and nickel from spent Ni-Cd batteries by solvent extraction // Hydrometallurgy Volume 52, Issue 3, June 1999, Pages 267-287, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-386X(99)00026-2
8. Nagpur Navneet Singh. Recovery of metals from spent nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery by leaching-electrowining process. Internal Conference on Nonferrous Metals-2014, Nagpur City (INDIA), July 2014.
9. Ewa Rudnik, MarekNikiel. Hydrometallurgical recovery of cadmium and nickel from spent Ni-Cd batteries // Hydrometallurgy, Volume 89, Issues 1-2, September 2007, Pages 61-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet. 2007.05.006
10. Karuppanna Periasamy, and Chinnaiya Namasivayam. Process Development for Removal and Recovery of Cadmium from Wastewater by a Low-Cost Adsorbent: Adsorption Rates and Equilibrium Studies // Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 33, 2, 317-320, DOI: 10.1021/ie00026a022
11. T.J.Butter, M.Evison, I.C.Hancock, F.S.Holland, etc. The removal and recovery of cadmium from dilute aqueous solutions by biosorption and electrolysis at laboratory scale // Water Research, Volume 32, Issue 2, February 1998, Pages 400-406, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00273-X
12. Jasmin Shah, Muhammad Rasul Jan, Mansoor Khan & Salma Amir. Removal and recovery of cadmium from aqueous solutions using magnetic nanoparticle-modified sawdust: kinetics and adsorption isotherm studies, P.9736-9744, Received 22 Jul 2014, Accepted 11 Mar 2015, Published online: 07 Apr 2015. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1030777
13. Pozin M.E. Tehnologiya mineral`nyih soley. L.: Izd-vo Himiya, 1970. - S. 982, 1318, 1344, 1366.
14. Purolite® C100, https://www.purolite.com/product/c100
15. Tananaev I.V., Mzareulishvili H.B. Izuchenie reakciy obrazovaniya gidrookisi kadmiya // ZHPH, T1 (1956). - S. 2225.
16. Ripan R.R., CHetanu I. Neorganicheskaya himiya, tom 2. M.: Mir, 1972. - S. 803.
17. Remi G. Kurs neorganicheskoy himii. M.: Mir, 1966. - S. 341.
To cite this article: V. P. Guro, M. A. Ibragimova, E. T. Safarov, F. N. Fuzailova, A. T. Dadakhodzhaev. Extraction of cadmium from the spent Cadmium-Calcium-Phosphate catalyst // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. – Nr4. – Pp.35-41.
Received: 07.08.2018; Accepted: 29.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
UDK 547.314.316.784.546.847.862.
A. B. Parmanov, S. E. Nurmonov, M. I. Mavloniy
SYNTHESIS OF VINYL ETHER OF MINDALIC ACID
National University of Uzbekistan, 100174, Tashkent, st. University 4, e-mail: asqar.parmanov@mail.ru
Abstract. Background. Based on vinyl esters of carboxylic acids, their polymers and copolymers with unsaturated compounds of the ethylene series, emulsifiers for emulsion paints have been obtained; compounds that improve the viscosity of lubricating oils and are used as crosslinking agents in the rubber industry.
Purpose. Synthesis of vinyl ester of mindelic acid by it’s reaction with acetylene in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts, investigation of the influence of the nature of catalysts and the reaction temperature on the yield of obtained product.
Methodology. Catalytic systems based on AlCl3∙6H2O or zinc salt of mindalic acid with dimethylsulfoxide were prepared and heterogeneous catalytic vinylation of mindalic acid with acetylene was carried out and it’s vinyl ether was obtained.
Originality. The synthesis of vinyl ester of mindalic acid with it’s reactions with acetylene using the catalytic systems AlCl3∙6H2O-DMSO and (C6H5CH(OH)COO)2Zn-DMSO was carried out.
Findings. The vinyl ester of mindalic acid was synthesized by it’svinylation in stationary heterogeneous conditions. The influence of the nature of the catalyst (AlCl3∙6H2O, (C6H5CH(OH)COO)2Zn), temperature and duration of the reaction on the yield of the product was investigated.
Key words: mindalic acid, acetylene, heterogeneous catalysis, influencing factors on product yield, catalysts: AlCl3∙6H2O and (C6H5CH(OH)COO)2Zn).
Highlights
*vinylation of hydroxy carboxylic acid was investigated;
*the catalytic systems are used;
*factors influencing the yield of vinyl ester
References
1. Ioan-TeodorTrotus, Tobias Zimmerman, FerdiSchuth. Catalytic reactions of acetylene: A Feedstock for the Chemical industry revisited// Chem.Rev. -2014. -Vol.11. -P.1761-1782.
2. Ye S. Synthesis and structure of some ruthenium-rhenium heterodinuclear complexes and their catalytic activity in the addition of carboxylic acids to phenylacetylene // Journal of organometallic chemistry. -2006. -Vol.691. -No.6. -P.1216-1222.
3. Alonso K. Transition-metal-catalyzed addition of heteroatom-hydrogen bonds to alkynes // Chem. Rev. -Vol.104 (6). -2004. -P.3079-3160.
4. Uttam Kumar Das, Manish Bhattacharjee. Synthesis and structure of [Ru(dppe)2(CH3CN)Cl][BPh4] and its catalytic application to anti-Markovnikov addition of carboxylic acids to terminal alkynes //Journal of Organometallic Chemistry.-2012. -P.78-82.
5. G.C. Vougioukalakis, R.H. Grubbs. Method for producing vinyl esters of carboxylic acids // Chem. Rev. -2010 No.98. -P.1747-1787.
6. B.A.Trofimov, E.YU.SHmidt. Reakcii acetilenov v superosnovnyih sredah-itogi poslednih let // Russ. Chem. Rev. -2014. - 83 (7). -S.600-619.
7. Onishi Y., Yoneda Y., Nishimoto Y., Yasuda M., Baba A. Rrocess for preparing vinyl carboxylates. Org. Lett. -2012. -14 (22). -P.5788-5791.
8. A.B.Parmanov, S.E.Nurmanov, M.Ph.Phayzullaeva, J.U.Abdullaev, M.I.Soliev. Synthesis of vinyl esters of some carbonic acids // Austrian journal Technical and Natural Science. 2017. -No.1-2. -S.129-132.
9. Mavloniy M.YE., Nurmanov S.YE., Parmanov A.B. Ingibitoryi biokorrozii neftepromyislovogo oborudovaniya. O’zbekiston Respublikasi Fanlar akademiyasining maruzalari, 2014. -No.4. -S.63-65.
10. Nurmonov S.YE., Mirhamitova D.H., Parmanov A.B. Sintezyi na osnove neftyanyih kislot. Ufimiskiy gosudarstvennyiy neftyanoy tehnicheskiy universitet "Aktual`nyiy problemyi nauki i tehniki-2014". -S.136-137.
11. Parmanov A.B., Nurmanov S.YE., Mavloniy M.YE., Fayzullaeva M.F. "Sintez vinilovyih yefirov valerianovoy i pelargonovoy kislot" Materialyi mezhdunorodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy online konferencii "Y Energo- i resursosberegayus`hie tehnologii: opyityi i perspektivyi" Kazahstan-2017, 223-227 b.
To cite this article: A. B. Parmanov, S. E. Nurmonov, M. I. Mavloniy. Synthesis of vinyl ether of mindalicacid // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. - Nr4. - Pp.42-47.
Received: 25.06.2018; Accepted: 27.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
UDK 678.01
P. J. Tojiev, X. X. Turaev, 1A. T. Jalilov, 1F. N. Nurkulov
STRUСTURE AND PROPERTIES OF THE POLYETHYLENE FILLED WITH DISPERS FILLERS
Termez State University,1Tashkent Scientific Research Institute of Chemical Technology LTD, E-mail: sh_kasimov@rambler.ru
Abstract. Background. Polyolefins (PO) are the most large-tonnage, available and demanded from the entire assortment of commercially available polymers. Therefore, the search for technical solutions aimed at simplifying the processing of polyolefins and the creation of new types of composite materials based on them is an urgent task.
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to study the possibility of creating thermoplastic composites based on polyethylene (PE) with improved properties (physical, mechanical, physicochemical, thermophysical, electrophysical, magnetic, optical, etc.) is determined to a greater extent by the introduction of fillers that can serve as artificial embryos of crystallization.
Methodology. The physicomechanical properties of highly-filled polyethylene compositions were determined by determining the melt flow index by vizkizometry methods, determining the bending strength by the methods of a two-point bending, and determining the Charpy impact strength.
Originality. The rheological characteristics of composite materials based on polyethylene grades-PE (low-density polyethylene) and dispersed fillers have been determined.
Findings. To obtain a composite material based on HDPE, the content of basalt and vermiculite was varied from 30 to 50 parts by weight. Evaluation of the rheological properties of filled composites showed that with increasing content of basalt and vermiculite, fluidity of the compositions decreases, but the obtained compositions can be processed by injection molding. The developed materials were investigated for flammability by the oxygen index method.
Key words: polyethylene, basalt, vermiculite, Asmansa deposit, Tebinbulak field, physical-chemical and mechanical properties.
Highlight.
* physicomechanical properties of the developed compositions were studied.
* basalt and vermiculite were used
References
1. Egorova O.V. Napravlennoe regulirovanie strukturyi i svoystv poliyetilena, napolnennogo dispersnyimi napolnitelyami / O.V.Egorova, YU.A. Kadyikova, S.E.Artemenko // Plasticheskie massyi. - 2012. - No.4. - S. 57-59.
2.Kurbanov A.A. Razrabotka racional`noy tehnologii pererabotki raznotipnyih bazal`tov Uzbekistana // avtoreferat doktorskoy dissertacii po spec. 04.00.14-Obogas`henie poleznyih iskopaemyih (tehnicheskie nauki), Navoi, -2016. -29 s.
3. Tozhiev P.ZH., Normurodov B.A., Turaev H.H., Nurkulov F.N. *, Dzhalilov A.T.* Izuchenie fiziko- mehanicheskix svoystv vyisokonapolnennyih poliyetilenovyih kompoziciy // UNIVERSUM : Himicheskaya tehnologiya : yelektronnyiy nauchnyiy zhurnal 2018 No. 2 (47).
4.Egorova O.V. Poliyetilenovyie kompozicii, napolnennyie dispersnyim bazal`tom / O.V. Egorova, YU.A. Kadyikova, S.E. Artemenko // Plasticheskie massyi. - 2012. - No. 9. - S. 38-39.
5. Tozhiev P.ZH., Normurodov B.A., Turaev H.H., Dzhalilov A.T., Nurkulov F.N. Izuchenie fiziko-mehanicheskix svoystv bazal`tosoderzhas`hih poliyetilenovyih kompoziciy // Tashkent : Kompozicionnyie materialyi-2017.- No. 4.-S.10-12
6. D.S. Polyah, O.V. Egorova, YU.A. Kadyikova, S.E. Artemenko Poliyetilenovyie kompozicionnyie materialyi, uprochnennyie bazal`tom // Perspektivnyie polimernyie kompozicionnyie materialyi. Al`ternativnyie tehnologii. Pererabotka.Primenenie. YEkologiya: dokl. Mezhdunar.konf. - Saratov: Sarat. gos. tehn. un-t, 2010. - S. 59-62.
7. Bredihin P.A., Nurtazina A.S., Kadyikova YU.A. Vliyanie bazal`ta razlichnyih mestorozhdeniy na svoystva poliyetilena // Polzunovskiy vestnik. - No.3. - 2016. -S. 148-150.
8. Mozzhuhin V. B. Vliyanie tehnologicheskogo oborudovaniya i tehnologii polucheniya vyisokonapolnennyih kompoziciy na osnove poliolefinov na ih fiziko-mehanicheskie svoystva / V. B. Mozzhuhin i [dr.] // Plasticheskie massyi. - 2013. - No. 1. - S. 54-56.
9. B.A. Normurodov, P.ZH.Tozhiev, H.H.Turaev, A.T.Dzhalilov, F.N. Nurkulov. Izuchenie fiziko-mehanicheskix svoystv bazal`tosoderzhas`hih poliyetilenovyih kompoziciy // Tashkent : Kompozicionnyie materialyi-2017.- No. 4.-S.10-12
10. B.A. Normurodov, P.ZH.Tozhiev, H.H.Turaev, A.T.Dzhalilov. Sintez i IK-spektroskopicheskoe issledovanie serosoderzhas`hego oligomera // UNIVERSUM : Himiya i biologiya : Yelektronnyiy nauchnyiy zhurnal 2018. -No. 2 (44).
11. Kryizhanovskiy, V. K. Proizvodstvo izdeliy iz polimernyih materialov. Uchebnoe posobie / V. K. Kryizhanovskiy i [dr.]. - SPb. : Professiya, 2014. - 592 s.
12. Bredihin P.A., Kadyikova YU.A. Issledovanie svoystv PKM, napolnennyih dispersnyim bazal`tom // V Mezhdunarodnaya studencheskaya yelektronnaya nauchnaya konferenciya "Studencheskiy nauchnyiy forum" - 2013.
To cite this article: P. J. Tojiev, X. X. Turaev, A. T. Jalilov, F. N. Nurkulov. Strukture and properties of the polyethylene filled with dispers fillers // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. - Nr4. - Pp.47-51.
Received: 29.06.2018; Accepted: 04.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
UDK 628.54.161.3
F. M. Yusupov, D. Z. Nuriddinova, J. Sh. Nurmukhammadov, G. A. Baymatova
CLEANING OF PRODUCTION WATERS OF THE PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY BY COALMINERAL SORBENTS
Abstract. Background. Petroleum products enter the natural environment during extraction, processing, transportation, storage and use. Pollution of soil and natural water occurs when sewage enters the development of oil and gas fields, gas processing plants etc. This work is devoted to solving the problems of water purification using coal mineral sorbents.
Purpose. Coal minerals sorbents were first obtained by thermal treatment of clay and chalk at a ratio of 15: 2: 1.25 after twelve minute sorption, in which the sorption value and the purification rate were 54.0 mg / g, 83.5% and 56.5 mg / g , 87.2%, respectively.
Methodology. Extraction methods were used in the studies, at the same time, the mass of unadsorbed oil product was calculated, adsorption capacity of the sorbent, gravity-metric analysis determined the content of oil products in water before and after adsorption, chromatographic analysis.
Originality. For the first time the possibility of obtaining carbon-mineral sorbents by thermal treatment of activated charcoal, clay and chalk.
Findings. Purification of water from petroleum products was carried out by extraction with hexane and adsorption of compositions from Mubarek soil, Angren coal and chalk in a ratio of 15: 2: 1.25. The degree of water purification from the oil product, adsorption and equilibrium concentration of oil was calculated in static conditions. It is shown that under dynamic conditions the sorption capacity of the modified activated carbon is equal to the imported analogues.
Keywords: oil and oil products, adsorbent, activated carbon, waste water, clay, chalk.
Higlights:
*sorption and determination of concentrations of petroleum products in water;
*calculation of adsorption capacity of the natural sorbent;
*isotherm of sorption of water of grade "Gradirniy" is studied.
References
1. Lozanovskaya I.N., Orlov D.S., Sadovnikova L.K. YEkologiya i ohrana biosferyi pri himicheskom zagryaznenii. M.: Vyisshaya shkola, 1998. -287 s.
2. Galiulin R.V., Bashkin V.N. Zagryaznenie vodnoy sredyi uglevodorodami: risk, profilaktika i remediaciya // Voda: himiya i yekologiya. 2011. -No. 07. -S. 19-24.
3. Voronov YU.V., YAkovlev S.V. Vodootvedenie i ochistka stochnyih vod / Pod obs`h. red. YU.V. Voronova. - M.: Izd-vo ASV, 2006. -704 s.
4. Lukashevich O.D., Malinovskaya T.D., Fnlichev S.A. Ochistka prirodnyih i stochnyih vod i nanoyeffektyi: retrospektivnyiy analiz i perspektivyi // Voda: tehnologiya i yekologiya. 2008. -No.3. -S. 3-9.
5. Vezencev A.I. Sravnitel`naya ocenka sposobnosti nativnyih montmorillonitovyih glin Belgorodskoy oblasti i uglya sorbirovat` ionyi svinca / A.I. Vezencev, LF. Goldovskaya-Peristaya, M.A.Trubicyin [n dr.] // Sorbentyi - kak faktor kachestva zhizni i zdorov`ya: materialyi III Mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy konferencii (g.Belgorod, 22-24 sentyabrya 2008 g.). - Belgorod: Izd-vo BelGU, 2008. - S.84-87.
6. Volovicheva N.A., Vezencev A.I., Goldovskaya-Pernstaya LF. Sravnitel`naya ocenka sposobnosti nativnyih glin Belgorodskoy oblasti sorbirovat` ionyi zheleza (III) iz vodnyih rastvorov // Nano- n supramolekulyarnaya himiya v sorbcionnyih i ionoobmennyih processah: materialyi Vserossiyskoy konferencii s yelementami nauchnoy shkolyi dlya molodezhi (g.Belgorod, 14-17 sentyabrya 2010 g.). - Belgorod: Izd-vo Bel GU, 2010.-S.37-40.
7. Goldovskaya-Peristaya L.F. Izoterma sorbcii ionov stronciya montmorillonit-gidroslyudistyimi glinami / L. F.Goldovskaya-Peristaya, N.A. Volovncheva, A.I. Vezencev [i dr.] // Sorbcionnyie i hromatograficheskie processyi. 2011. T.P. Vyip.2. S.165-171.
8. Volkova M.A. Novyiy vyisokotehnologichnyiy alyumokremnievyiy flokulyant- koagulyant kak al`ternativa izvestnyim reagentam vodoochistki / M.A. Volkova, M.I. Degtev, P.G. Kudryavcev [i dr.] // Sbornik statey Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno- prakticheskoy konferencii "Aktual`nyie problemyi himicheskoy nauki, praktiki i obrazovaniya" (19-21 maya 2009 goda, g. Kursk). CHast` 2. - S. 19-22.
9. Pat. 2225838. Rossiyskaya Federaciya, MPK S 01 R/56. Sposob polucheniya alyumosilikatiogo koagulyanta / Kruchinina N.E., Turnier V.N., Lisyuk B.S., Kim V. Zayavl.26.11.02; opubl.20.03.04, Byul.No.8.
10. Peristyiy V.A. Sravnitel`naya ocenka sorbcionnoy sposobnosti aktivirovannogo uglya i citrogipsa po otnosheniyu k nefteproduktam / V.A.Peristyiy, L.F.Peristaya, I.V.Indina [i dr.] // Nauchnyie vedomosti BelGU. Seriya Estestvennyie nauki. 2009. -Vyip.9/2. -No.11(66). -S.90-94.
11. YApryincev M.N., Peristyiy V.A., Peristaya L.F. Sorbcionnyie harakteristiki nekondicionnogo peska Razumenskogo mestorozhdeniya dlya ochistki stochnyih vod ot nefteproduktov // Nano- i supramolekulyarnaya himiya v sorbcionnyih i ionoobmennyih processah: materialyi Vserossiyskoy konferencii s yelementami nauchnoy shkolyi dlya molodezhi. - Belgorod: Izd-vo BelGU, 2010. -S.167-169.
12. Prohas`ko L. S. Tehnologiya kavitacionnoy dezintegracii pis`hevyih sred. V sbornike: Nauka. YUzhno-Ural`skiy gosudarstvennyiy universitet. Materialyi 65-1 nauchnoy konferencii. -2013. -S. 32-35.
To cite this article: F. M. Yusupov , D. Z. Nuriddinova, J. Sh. Nurmukhammadov, G. A. Baymatova. Cleaning of production waters of the petrochemical industry by coalmineralsorbents // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. – Nr4. – Pp.52-57.
Received:11.07.2018; Accepted: 11.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
UDK546.49.: 543.4.: 543.062.: 546.526
N. К. Madusmanova, Z. А. Smanova, X. S. Тadjimuxammedov
SPECTROSCOPIC DETERMINATION OF IRON IONS (II) USING A NEW SYNTHESIZED ANALYTICAL REAGENT 2-NITROSO-5-METHOXYPHENOL
National university of Uzbekistan named Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, Е-nazira.imomova@mail.ru
Abstract. Background. The nitroza naphthols is one and from perspective classes of organic reagents (OR), successfully used in the inorganic analysis. Works of many scientists have proved indisputable advantage of application of these connections in practice of analytical chemistry. The problem is solved by chemists analysts introduction to practice of the analysis of the immobilized reagents and to purposeful syntheses of new selective organic reagents.
Purpose. Development of express, high-selective and highly sensitive sorption and spectroscopic techniques of definition of iron with use of IMOR.
Methodology. The spectroscopic method is one of quickly developing sorption spectroscopic methods of the analysis. In work also IK, PMR spectroscopy and kvanto-chemical calculations are used.
Originality, is for the first time shown prospects of use of organic reagents on the basis of a nitrozonaftol for the immobilization which has allowed to increase significantly selectivity of definition of iron(II); I have allowed to mask the disturbing influence of foreign impurity.
Findings. The organic reagents nitroso naphthol are immobilized in the first on polymeric carriers. An optimized condition is the sorption photometric determination of iron(II) 2-nitroso-5-methoxy phenol. Studies of complexation on a polymer sorbent are analogous to reactions in a solution. The developed technique is applied to the analysis of various waters containing iron(II).
Keywords: analytical reagent, 2-nitroso-5-methoxyphenol, immobilization, sorption spectroscopy, iron(II) ions.
Highlights.
* a new reagent 2-nitroso-5-methoxy phenol was synthesized.
*nitrosisnaphthol is immobilized in polymeric carriers.
References
1. Zolotov YU.A., Kuz`min N.M., Neyman E.YA., Popov A.A., Reval`skiy I.A. Koncepciya himiko-analiticheskogo kontrolya ob`ektov okruzhayus`hey sredyi. // Rossiyskiy himicheskiy zhurnal. -1993. -T 77. - No.64. -S.12 -16.
2. Bespamyatnov G. P., Korotkov YU. A. Predel`no dopustimyie koncentracii himicheskih ves`hestv v okruzhayus`hey srede. L. Himiya, 1985. -528 s.
3. Mur Dzh. V., Ramamurti S. Tyazhelyie metallyi v prirodnyih vodah. M.: Mir, 1987. -297 s.
4. Zaporozhec O.A., Gaver O.M., Suhan V.V. Immobilizaciya analiticheskih reagentov na poverhnosti nositeley // Uspehi himii. -1997. -T. 66. - No.7. -S.41-43.
5. Lebed` N.B., Plank A.B. YEkspress-test dlya obnaruzheniya i polukolichestvennogo opredeleniya summyi tyazhelyih metallov v vodah // ZHurn. analit.himii. -1997. -T.52. - No. 6. -S.643-646.
6. Bryikina G.D., Smirnova I.P. Opredelenie mikrokolichestv alyuminiya v stochnyih vodah metodom tverdofaznoy spektrofotometrii. // Optika i spektroskopiya. -1991. -T.70. - No. 4. -S.266-270.
7. Smanova Z.A. Sorbcionno - fotometricheskoe opredelenie medi na poverhnosti polimernogo nositelya. // Vestnik NUUz. -2011. - No.4. -S.124 - 127.
8. Smanova Z.A., Gevorgyan A.M., Mamazhanova G.A. Sorbcionno-fotometricheskoe opredelenie alyuminiya na poverhnosti polimernogo nositelya // Uzb.him.zhurn.-Tashkent. - 2010. - No. 2.-S.38-41.
9. Tihonov V.N., Ermolenko L. V., Dedkov YU.M. Fotometricheskoe opredelenie Fe2+ v vodah reagentom sul`fonitrozo DAF. // ZHurn. analit. himii.-1988.-T.10.- No. 6.-C.1030-1034.
10. N.A.Nazarenko, ZH.N.Grabovskaya, S.V.Cyigankova, S.V.Bel`tyukova. Sorbcionno-lyuminescentnoe opredelenie ittriya (III), immobilizovannogo na penopoliuretane // ZHurn.analit. himii. -1993. -T.48. - No.1. -S.61-68.
11. Smanova Z. A. Sorbcionno - fotometricheskoe opredeleniya zheleza immobilizovannyim hromazurolom. // Himiya i himich. tehnol. - Tashkent, -2011. - No.5. -S. 27 - 31.
12. Golodnikov G.V., Mandel`shtam A.M., Rspalgu Praktikum po organicheskomu sintezu // 1976. Izd. Leningrad. Univer.; S.483
13. Veygand - Hil`getag V. Metodyi yekisperimenta v organicheskoy himii. M. Himiya, 1968. -410 s.
14. Novikov S.S. Himiya nitro i nitrozogrupp. M.: Mir. -1972. -378 s.
15. Korostelev P.P. Prigotovlenie rastvorov dlya himiko - analiticheskih rabot.1962 g. -258 s.
16. Lur`e YU. YU. Spravochnik po analiticheskoy himii. M.: Himiya. -1979. - 487 s.
17. Smanova Z.A. Imobilizaciya, kak sposob uluchsheniya analiticheskih harakteristik organicheskih reagentov. // Uzb.him.zhurn. -2009. -No.4. -S.72-76.
To cite this article: N. К. Madusmanova, Z. А. Smanova, X. S. Тadjimuxammedov .Spectroscopic determination of of iron ions (II) using a new synthesized analytical reagent 2-nitroso-5-methoxyphenol // Uzbek chemical journal.- 2018. – Nr4. – Pp.58-63.
Received: 05.07.2018; Accepted: 08.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
UDK
O. V. Myachina, A. T. Aliyev, R. N. Kim, B. S. Zakirov, L. E. Mamasalieva, A. Kh. Rahmonov, O. S. Narzullaev
AGROCHEMICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF APPLICATION OF BENTONITE-CONTAINING FERTILIZERS IN IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, E-mail: myachina_ov@mail.ru
Abstract. Background. The use of prolonged-action fertilizers in irrigation conditions is an effective method of increasing the efficiency of macroelements, increasing the yield of crops, optimizing the agrochemical and biological characteristics of soils, and reproducing fertility. Modification of instant fertilizers by introducing bentonite clay into their composition prevents a sharp increase in the concentration of nutrients.
Purpose. Determination of agrochemical efficiency of slow-acting fertilizers obtained by introducing bentonite into the fusion of ammonium nitrate and ammophos, studying the changes in the main agrochemical indicators of fertility.
Methodology. Assessment of agrochemical efficiency of new fertilizers was carried out in laboratory and vegetation experiments: determination of germination and germination energy of seeds was carried out in accordance with GOST 12038-84; phenological observations, biometric measurements of growth and development of cotton plants according to the "Technique of field and vegetation experiments with cotton", 1981; determination of the basic indicators of soil fertility under the experience of the "Workshop on Agrochemistry", ed. Mineev VG, 2001.
Originality. It is shown for the first time that the use of local agro-bentonite clays for the modification of instant fertilizers is effective in irrigated agriculture in order to increase the productivity of agricultural crops and soil fertility, optimize the nutrient regime, and to prevent environmental contamination by biogenic elements.
Findings. It has been established that aqueous solutions of slow-acting fertilizers in a wide range of concentrations (0.05-0.0001) do not adversely affect the germination of seeds and the energy of their germination; Prolonged bentonite-containing fertilizers increased the vegetative and reproductive biomass of plants, the increase in the yield of raw cotton reached 9.77-16.13% in relation to the control.
Key words: bentonite, fertilizers, slow-acting properties, agrochemical efficiency, humus, nitrogen, phosphorus.
Highlights:
*the effect of few fertilizers on the cotton growth,
*the change in soil fertility indicators by bentonite has been proved.
References
1. Kuzyakov Y. Sources of CO2 efflux from soil and review of partitioning methods // Soil Biol Biochem. -2006. -V. 38. -N. 3. -P. 425-448.
2. Dorodnikov et al., 2010. M. Dorodnikov, E. Blagodatskaya, S. Blagodatsky, S. Marhan, A. Fangmeier and Ya. Kuzyakov. Stimulation of microbial extracellular enzyme activities by elevated CO2 depends on soil aggregate size // Global Change Biology. -2009. -15. -P.1603-1614.
3. Ye Huang, Bertrand Guenet, Philippe Ciais, Ivan A. Janssens, Jennifer L. Soong, Yilong Wang, Daniel Goll, Evgenia Blagodatskaya, ad Yuanyuan Huang (2018) ORCHIMIC (v1.0), a microbe-mediated model for soil organic matter decomposition. // Geosci. Model Dev., -11. -P. 2111-2138, 2018
4. Blagodatskaya E.V., Semenov M.V., YAkushev A.V. Aktivnost` i biomassa pochvennyih mikroorganizmov v izmenyayus`hihsya usloviyah okruzhayus`hey sredyi. - M.: Tovaris`hestvo nauchnyih izdaniy KMK. 2016. - 243 s.
5. Fedorec N. G., Bahmet O. N. YEkologicheskie osobennosti transformacii soedineniy ugleroda i azota v lesnyih pochvah. Petrozavodsk: Karel`skiy nauchnyiy centr RAN, 2003. -240 s.:
6. Kononova M.M. Gumus pochvyi i zhizn` rasteniy // Agronomiya. -1965. -No.1. -S. 12-18.
7. Pirogovskaya, G. V. Medlennodeystvuyus`hie udobreniya / Belorus. NII pochvovedeniya i agrohimii. - Minsk, 2000. - 287 s.
8. Lubkowski, K., Smorowska, A., Grzmil, B., Kozlowska, A. 2015. Controlled-Release Fertilizer Prepared Using a Biodegradable Aliphatic Copolyester of Poly(butylene succinate) and Dimerized Fatty // Acid. J. Agric. Food Chem. -63. -P.2597-2605.
9. World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), 2006 http://www.isric.org/projects/world-reference-base-soil-resources-wrb
10. GOST 12038-84 Semena sel`skohozyaystvennyih kul`tur. Metodyi opredeleniya vshozhesti.
11. Stepanova E.I. Agroyekologicheskie aspektyi ispol`zovaniya udobritel`nyih svoystv othodov proizvodstva, prirodnyih ceolitov pri vyiras`hivanii plodoovos`hnoy produkcii. // Diss. kand. sel`skohozyaystvennyih nauk, Orel. 2006. - 186s.
12. Metodiki mikrobiologicheskih issledovaniy i opredeleniya mikroyelementov. Tashkent: SoyuzNIHI, 1983. -105 s.
13. Metodiki polevyih i vegetacionnyih opyitov s hlopchatnikom. Tashkent: SoyuzNIHI. 1981. -368 s.
14. Metodyi agrohimicheskih analizov pochv i rasteniy Sredney Azii., Tashkent: SoyuzNIHI,1977. -176 s.
15. Praktikum po agrohimii: Ucheb. posobie. - 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. / Pod red. akademika RASHN V.G.Mineeva. - M.: Izd-vo MGU, 2001.-689 s.
16. -ISBN 5-211-04265-4
To cite this article: O. V. Myachina, A. T. Aliyev, R. N. Kim, B. S. Zakirov, L. E. Mamasalieva, A. Kh. Rahmonov, O. S. Narzullaev. Agrochemical effectiveness of application of bentonite-containing fertilizers in irrigated agriculture // Uzbek chemical journal. - 2018. – Nr4. – Pp.64-71.
Received: 08.08.2018; Accepted: 20.08.2018; Published: 30.08.2018.
* * *