VOLUME NR 6
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
UDK 544.6
S. N. Rasulova, V. P. Guro, H. F. Adinaev, A. B. Ibragimov
ANODIC DISSOLUTION OF MOLYBDENUM WASTE IN SOLUTIONS OF CAUSTIC POTASH AND AMMONIA
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Abstract. Background. Metallic wastes of Mo and its alloys are recyclable. Various methods of Mo regeneration are known, of which schemes based on electrochemical approaches seem to be the simplest.
Purpose: to investigate the possibility of regeneration of waste molybdenum and molybdenum alloys by their anodic dissolution in electrolytes based on caustic potash and ammonia.
Methodology. The object of study is Mo and solutions of caustic potash and ammonia. Electrochemical measurements were performed on a PI-50-1 potentiostat using the following methods: charging the anode surface and a rotating disk electrode. Elemental analysis of sample solutions was performed on an Agilent 7500 IСP.
Originality. The limiting stages of the anodic reaction of dissolution of Mo in solutions of caustic potash and ammonia are revealed.
Findings. Curves of anodic charging of the Mo electrode in KOH solutions were taken, which reflect the process of anodic dissolution of molybdenum and the formation of certain oxide layers on its surface. The kinetics of anodic dissolution of molybdenum in solutions of caustic potash and ammonia has been studied.
Key words: anodic dissolution, molybdenum, metal, caustic potash, ammonia, surface charging, rotating disk electrode, reaction kinetics.
Highlights:
- dissolution of waste molybdenum in solutions of caustic potash and ammonia;
- limiting stage - diffusion to the surface of the oxygen donor;
- limiting stage - electron transfer without diffusion restr
References
1. V. A. Falkovsky, L.I. Klyachko. Hard alloys. - M .: Publishing house "Ore and metals", 2005.-419 p. (in Russian)
2. A.N. Zelikman. Metallurgy of rare metals. -M.: Metallurgy, 1980. (in Russian)
3. L.I. Leontiev. Metallurgy of non-ferrous and rare metals.-M., 2002. - 345p. (in Russian)
4. G.M. Voldman, A.N. Zelikman Theory of hydrometallurgical processes.-M.: Metallurgy, 2003. (in Russian)
5. V.F. Borbat. Hydrometallurgy.-M.: Metallurgy, 1986. -263 p. (in Russian)
6. E.N. Pechenkin. Oxidative dissolution of molybdenum, tungsten and rhenium during chlorination in an organic medium. - Dissertation... Ph.D. -M.- 2005.-98 p. (in Russian)
7. A.A. Blokhin, A.A. Kopyrin. Chemistry and technology of molybdenum, tungsten and rhenium: Lecture text.-SPbGTI (TU). - St. Petersburg, 1999. - 91 p. (in Russian)
8. V.P. Guro, Molybdenum Dissolution in Mixtures of H2O2 and Concentrated HNO3 and H2SO4 in the Presence of Tungsten (2008), Inorganic Materials, Vol. 44, No. 3, pp. 291–295. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2008. Original Russian Text © DOI: 10.1134/S0020168508030059
9. G.Ch. Kim, V.P. Guro, Sh.U. Ganiev. Electrochemical processing of waste Mo, W in alkaline solution // Uzb. chem. and. -Tashkent.-1997. - No. 2. - S.72-76. (in Russian)
10. Sh.U. Ganiev, N.P. Ismailov, V.P. Guro. Anode dissolution of molybdenum and tungsten metal wastes in neutral solutions // Chemistry and Chemical Technology. -Tashkent.-2004. - No. 1-2. - S. 59-61. (in Russian)
11. N.B. Kozlova Electrochemical dissolution of molybdenum, tungsten and alloys based on them in aqueous and aqueous-organic solutions of electrolytes. Diss ... Ph.D. Ivanovo. - 2003. 131 p. (in Russian)
12. A.T. Vasko, S.K. Kovacs. Electrochemistry of refractory metals. - Kyiv: Technique, 1983. - 159 p. (in Russian)
13. V. M. Latimer. Oxidation states of elements and their potentials in aqueous solutions / Per. from English. V. V. Losev and I. I. Tretyakov; Ed. prof. K. V. Astakhova. - Moscow: Izd-vo inostr. lit., 1954. - 400 p. (in Russian)
14. V. P. Guro. Scientific bases of selective extraction from heterogeneous systems of metals: Mo, W, Re, Cu, Ni. - Dissertation. d.h.s. -Tashkent. - 2008.-295 p. (in Russian)
15. Levin A.M., Kuznetsova O.G., Sevostyanov M.A. Influence of sodium carbonate on the limiting current of dissolution of tungsten and molybdenum in NaOH solutions. // International n.-pract. Conf. "Concepts of fundamental and applied scientific research" (February 20, 2017, Kazan). At 4 o'clock - Ufa: AETERNA, 2017. - part 4. P.17-19. (in Russian)
16. K. Vetter. Electrochemical kinetics. - M.: Chemistry, 1967. - 856 p. (in Russian)
17. D. Dobos. Electrochemical constants: a handbook for electrochemists. Ed. Ya.M. Kolotyrkina. Per. from English. and Hung. V.A. Safonov. - M.: Mir, 1980. - 365 p. (in Russian)
18. U.N. Ruziev, S.N. Rasulova, V.P. Guro, M.A. Ibragimova, S.N. Kim, W.R. Ernazarov. Anodic dissolution of tungsten in electrolyte solutions based on caustic potassium // Composite materials. – Tashkent.-2022. - No. 3. - S.29-34. (in Russian)
To cite this article: S. N. Rasulova, V. P. Guro, H. F. Adinaev, A. B. Ibragimov. Anodic dissolution of molybdenum waste in solutions of caustic potash and ammonia // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.3-9.
Received: 13.07.2022; Accepted: 15.09.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
UDK 541.123.7
Sh. Sh.Yakubov, B. Kh. Kucharov, M. Sh. Adilova, A. S. Togasharov, B. S. Zakirov
SOLUBILITY OF COMPONENTS IN AN AQUEOUS SYSTEM SODIUM CHLORATE, UREA, AMMONIUM SALTS OF PHOSPHORIC AND 2-CHLOROETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Abstract. Background. According to the modern concept of hormonal regulation, leaf fall begins when the level of ethylene and antiauxin compounds predominates over auxin ones. Therefore, it seems promising to use as an additive to defoliants compounds possessing biological activity, which enhance the activity of enzymatic systems and are plant growth stimulants. These compounds include ammonium salts of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid.
Purpose: physical and chemical substantiation of the processes for obtaining effective, physiologically active defoliants and stimulants of the maturation of cotton bolls based on sodium chlorate, carbamide, ammonium salts of phosphoric and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid.
Methodology. Visual-polythermal method was used, the content of phosphorus and amide nitrogen was determined using the spectrophotometric method. The viscosity of the solutions was measured using a viscometer VPZh, the pH of the solutions was measured using a pH meter FE 20 METTLER TOLEDO.
Originality. The optimal conditions for the preparation of ammonium 2-chloroethylphosphonate monochlorate based on sodium chlorate, carbamide, and ammonium salts of phosphoric and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid have been determined. Its physicochemical and rheological properties have been studied.
Findings. A polythermal solubility diagram of the systems [21%CICH2CH2PO(OH)2*NH3 + 11%CICH2CH2PO(OH)2* 2NH3+12%NH4H2PO4+56%H2O] - [26.9% NaCIO3 + 73.1% CO(NH2)2] - H2O in the temperature range from -25.2 to 76.4°C. Ammonium 2-chloroethylphosphonate monochlorate was isolated in solid form, identified and characterized by chemical, X-ray phase, thermal and IR spectroscopic analyses.
Key words: sodium chlorate, urea, ammonium salts of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, solubility diagram, viscosity, density, Sikhat, Nazhot.
Highlights:
- the fields of crystallization of components are delimited in the system;
- the individuality of the synthesized coordination compounds has been proven.
References
1. Trunin A.S., Petrova D.G. Visual-polythermal method. - Kuibyshev: Kuibyshev Polytechnic. ins-t, -1977.-94s. Dep. in VINITI No. 584-78 (in Russian)
2. Sidikov A.A. and etc.// Interational Journal of Advonced Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. -Vol. 5.-Issue 3.-March 2018.-Р. 13869-13875 http://ijarsset.com/upload /2020/may/66-element-72.pdf (in Russian)
3. Kodirova D.T., Abidova M.A. Universum engineering science electron. scientific magazine -2019 No. 11(68). https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/8127 (in Russian)
4. Miyassarov I.M. etc. (ESU) Ezh. scientific zhur. 2020, part 1. No 6 (75) p. 60-64. doi:10.31618/ESU 2413-9335.2020.1.75.825 (in Russian)
5. Teshaev F., Khaitov B.//Journal of Cotton Research and Development (CRDA). –India.-2015. - No 1.-Рp. 57-60, http://www.crdaindia.com/past-issue.php
6. Koshkin E.I. Physiology of sustainability of agricultural crops: textbook E.I. Koshkin. - Bustard. - 2010. - P. 638. (in Russian)
7. Veselova S.V., Burkhanova G.F., Nuzhnaya T.V., Maksimov I.V. The role of ethylene and cytokinins in the development of defense responses in Tritikum aestivum plants. Infected Septorianjdorum // Plant Physiology.-2016.-T.63.-P. 649-660. (in Russian)
8. Veselova S.V., Burkhanova G.V., Nuzhnaya T.V. et al. Effect of ethylene and reactive oxygen species on the development of the pathogen Stagonospa nodorum Berk in tissues of wheat plants // Biomika. -2018.-T. 10(4). –P.387-399. (in Russian)
9. Klimova V.A. Basic micromethods for the analysis of organic compounds - M.: Chemistry, 1975. -224p. (in Russian)
10. Luneva N.K., Petrovskaya L.I., Rekashova N.I. Thermal transformations of the H3PO4 –CO(NH2)2 system. // Zh. prikl. Chemistry. -2000.-No10. –P. 1585 - 159. (in Russian)
11. Abramova G.V., Ryskalieva A.K., Nurakhmetov N.N., Zhakhanbaeva A.K. Thermochemical properties of some amide acids.//Materials Int. Scientific and Practical Conf. "Thermodynamics and kinetics of equilibrium and non-equilibrium chemical processes". Bulletin of KazNU. Ser. chem.-2002. -No1. -WITH. 59-62. (in Russian)
12. A.S. 843911 USSR. Defoliant composition / N.F. Zubkova, L.G. Markina and others (USSR - No. 2626758 / 30-15; declared 12.06.78; published 07.07.1981. // Discoveries, inventions. -1981. - No. 25. - P. 24. (in Russian)
13. Umarov A.A., Kutyanin L.I. New defoliants: search, properties, applications. -M.: Chemistry, 2000. (in Russian)
14. Shukurov Zh.S., Togasharov A.S., Askarova M.K., Tukhtaev S. Complex defoliants with physiologically active and insecticidal properties. Tashkent: ed. "Navruz", 2019 -136p. (in Russian)
15. Nabiev M.N., Tukhtaev S., Musaev N.Yu., Shammasov R.E., Kucharov H. Solubility polytherm of sodium chlorate-urea-water system. //AND. inorg.chem. - 1982.-T.27.- No. 10.-P.2704-2706. (in Russian)
16. Khamdamova Sh.Sh. [and etc.]. Universum: technical sciences: electron. scientific magazine -2019.- No. 10(67). (in Russian)
To cite this article: Sh. Sh.Yakubov, B. Kh. Kucharov, M. Sh. Adilova, A. S. Togasharov, B. S. Zakirov. Solubility of components in an aqueous system sodium chlorate, urea, ammonium salts of phosphoric and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid. // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.10-16.
Received: 19.10.2022; Accepted: 25.11.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
UDK 541.123.7
S. A. Tuychiev, A. S. Togasharov, B. S. Zakirov
SOLUBILITY OF SYSTEM COMPONENTS NaClO3 - CS(NH2)2 - H2O
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, E-mail: tuychiyev.sanjar@mail.ru
Abstract. Background. It is important to obtain complex acting defoliants with fungicidal properties and containing nutrients. The use of thiocarbamide with its fungicidal properties, as part of defoliants, leads to early ripening of the crop and its protection from bacteria and mold, reduces agrochemical processing and makes it possible to obtain high-quality cotton fibers.
Purpose: to study the solubility of salts of sodium chlorate and thiocarbamide and the physical and chemical substantiation of the process of obtaining new defoliants.
Methodology. Visual-polythermal and pycnometric methods were used, ammonia was controlled by the Kjeldahl method; viscosity - VPZH viscometer, pH - pH meter FE20 METTLERTOLEDO, refractive index - PAL-BX / RI refractometer, chlorates - permanganometry, sodium - flame photometry, carbon - Dume microscope
Originality. The “composition-property” and polythermal diagrams, by solubility, were built.
Findings. Results. A polythermal solubility diagram for NaClO3 - CS(NH2)2 - H2O systems has been constructed in the temperature range from 19.2 to 43°C. The polythermal solubility diagram delimits the crystallization fields of ice, thiocarbamide, and sodium chlorate. The crystallization temperature, viscosity, density, pH-media and refractive index of light were studied, depending on the ratio of components in the system [45% NaClO3 + 55% H2O] - CS(NH2)2.
Keywords: solubility polytherm, "composition-properties", sodium chlorate, thiocarbamide
Highlights:
- the fields of crystallization of components are delimited in the system;
- Studied the physico-chemical properties of obtaining liquid defoliants.
References
1. Melnikov N.N. Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators: A Handbook. – M.: Chemistry, 1995. - 66 p. (in Russian)
2. Stonov L.D. Defoliants and desiccants. - M.: Chemistry. 1973.–159p. (in Russian)
3. Larson A.J., Gwathmey C.O., Hayes R.M. Cotton defoliation and harvest timing effects on yields,quality and net revenues // Journal Cotton Science -2002. - Vol.6. - P. 13-27.
4. Kulaeva O.N. Ethylene in plant life // Soros Educational Journal.-1998.- No. 3. - P. 31-36. (in Russian)
5. Zh.Sh.Bobojonov, Zh.S.Shukurov, A.S.Togasharov. Solubility of components in the system NaСlО3∙ СО(NH2)2 - C10N2H22O9 - H2O // Uzbek Chemical Journal. 2020, No2, P.10-16. (in Russian)
6. S. V. Chirkov, Yu. N. Zubarev, and I. N. Medvedeva, Influence of compounds based on thiourea on resistance to root rot and productivity of spring wheat in the Urals // No. 4 (9) November 2008 .-S. 32-35. (in Russian)
7. Beglov B.M., Tukhtaev S., Zakirov B. Solubilities of the thiourea-formaldehyde-water system // Uzbek Chemical Journal. - 1970. - No. 1. - P. 61-65. (in Russian)
8. Kh. Isakov, I. R. Askarov, and S. Usmanov, in IR Spectroscopic Studies of Compounds. thiourea-formaldehyde oligomers // Universum: Technical sciences: electron. scientific magazine 2018. No. 12(57). (in Russian)
9. https://fialka.tomsk.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=35612 (in Russian)
10. GOST 6344-73. Thiourea. Specifications - M. Publishing house of standards, 1991. (in Russian)
11. GOST 12257-77. sodium chlorate. Specifications. -M.: Publishing house of standards, 1987. -129s. (in Russian)
12. GOST 12257-77. sodium chlorate. technical conditions. - M.: Publishing house of standards, 1987, 19. (in Russian)
13. Poluektov N.S. Methods of analysis by flame photometry. - M.: Chemistry. 1967. - 307 p. (in Russian)
14. Schwarzenbach G., Flashka G. Complexometric titration. - M.: Chemistry, 1970, 360 (in Russian)
15. Trunin A.S. Petrova D.G. Visual-polythermal method / Kuibyshev Polytechnic. Inst. - Kuibyshev. 1977.-94s./ Dep. in VINITI No. 584-78. (in Russian)
16. Zdanovsky A.B. Gallurgia / L.: Chemistry, 1972. (in Russian)
To cite this article: S. A. Tuychiev, A. S. Togasharov, B. S. Zakirov. Solubility of system components NaClO3 - CS(NH2)2 - H2O // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.16-22.
Received: 14.11.2022; Accepted: 19.12.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
UDK 631.846:321
А. N. Аhmadjonov, U. К. Аlimov, A. R. Seytnazarov, T. J. Pirimov
INVESTIGATION OF THE PROCESS OF NITRIC ACID DECOMPOSITION OF ARVATEN SERPENTINITE WITH DIFFERENT DISPERSION
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Abstract. Background. Serpentinite is considered a raw material for the production of magnesium compounds widely used in various sectors of the country's economy. Uzbekistan also has a large serpentinite deposit - Arvaten, which contains MgO ≥40% and is a promising raw material for obtaining magnesium compounds by acid decomposition. This requires research, in particular, the study of the decomposition coefficient of Arvaten serpentinite, depending on the particle size and norm of nitric acid.
Purpose. Study of the process of nitric acid decomposition of incalcinated serpentinite from the Arvaten deposit with different fineness.
Methodology. The process of decomposition of serpentinite with nitric acid was carried out in a thermostatically controlled glass tubular reactor equipped with a screw stirrer driven by an electric motor. The duration of the process was 3 hours at 80oC. After the end of the process, the reaction mass was filtered on a Buchner funnel under a residual pressure of 100-150 Hg using one layer of filter paper. After drying, the precipitate and filtrate were analyzed for the content of CaO and MgO using the complexometric method with Trilon B in the presence of the indicator fluorexone and acid chromium dark blue. The content of Fe2O3 and A12O3 was determined by the complexometric method. with a solution of Trilon B in the presence of sulfosalicylic acid and back titration of an excess of Trilon B with a solution of zinc sulfate in the presence of a xylene orange indicator.
Originality. The dependence of the change in the decomposition coefficient of the constituent components of serpentinite on its fineness (0.05-0.25 mm) has been established. The optimal condition for the process of decomposition of serpentinite with nitric acid was found, under which a high decomposition coefficient (Cdec.) was achieved.
Findings. It was found that with increasing particle size from 0.05 to 0.25 mm Cdec. of MgO increases from 83.86 to 86.85% and 86.63 to 90.05%, respectively, at a stoichiometric 90 and 100% rate of 30% nitric acid. The decomposition process mainly occurs in the diffusion region.
Keywords: serpentinite, specific surface area, fineness, nitric acid, decomposition coefficient, degree of transition, salt composition.
Highlights:
- a decrease in dispersion leads to a decrease in the decomposition coefficient
- an increase in the rate of nitric acid contributes to an increase in magnesium oxide opening.
References
1. Hajjar Z., Gervilla F., Fanlo I., González J.M.J., Ilmen S. Formation of serpentinite-hosted, Fe-rich arsenide ores at the latest stage of mineralization of the Bou-Azzer mining district.
2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103926.
3. Carmignano O., Vieira S.S., Brandao P., Bertoli A.R., Lago M. Serpentinites: Mineral Structure, Properties and Technological Applications. //J. Braz. Chem. Soc. http://dx.doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190215.
4. Zhang, Q., Sugyiama, K., Saito, F., 1997. Enhancement of acid extraction of magnesium and silicon from serpentine by mechanochemical treatment. Hydrometallurgy.- 45 (3).- 323–331.
5. Brindley G.W. and Zussman J.,// J. Am. Mineral.-44 (1959).- l85- 190.
6. Grigis B.S., Trans. //J. Brit. Ceram. Sot.-74(1975).-135-140.
7. Terry, B. and Monhemius, J., //Metallur. Trans. B.-14B (1985).-335-347.
8. Her, P.K., The Chemistry of Silica. Wiley, New York (1979). 189 pp.
9. Sebastian T., Hannu R., Sanni E., Carl-Johan F., Ron Z. Dissolution of natural serpentinite in mineral and organic acids. Int. //J. Miner. Process. -83 (2007) 36–46.
10. Fedorockov A., Hreus M., Raschman P., Sucik G. Dissolution of magnesium from calcined serpentinite in hydrochloric acid. Minerals Engineering 32 (2012) 1–4.
11. Raschman P., Fedoročkov A., Sučik G. Thermal activation of serpentine prior to acid leaching // Hydrometallurgy:- 139.2013.-149–153.
12. Kalinichenko I.I., Gabdullin A.N. Nitric acid non-waste processing of serpentinite // Chemical technology.-2008. - No. 6. - S. 244-245 (in Russian)
13. Pirimov Т.J., Namazov Sh.S., Seytnazarov A.R., Temirov U.Sh., Usanbaev N.Kh. Obtaining of magnesium oxide from serpentenites of the arvaten deposit of Uzbekistan. // International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology. – Austria.- 2020. - Vol. 29.-No. 8. - Pр. 1619-1627.
14. International Centre for Diffraction Data, 2013.
15. Wang J, Li Zh., Alissa A.H.P., Petit Ce. Thermodynamic and Kinetic Studies of the MgCl2-NH4ClNH3-H2O System for the Production of High Purity MgO from Calcined Low-Grade Magnesite. // AIChE Journal.- June 2015.-Vol. 61.- No. 6. 1933-1946. DOI 10.1002/aic
16. GOST 27097-86. Standard sample of serpentinite.-M.: Publishing house of standards, 1987. -11 p. (in Russian)
To cite this article: А. N. Аhmadjonov, U. К. Аlimov, A. R. Seytnazarov, T. J. Pirimov. Investigation of the process of nitric acid decomposition of Arvaten serpentinite with different dispersion // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.22-31.
Received: 02.11.2022; Accepted: 23.12.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
UDK 544.653.22; 669.27.054.85
2U. N. Ruziev, 1V. P. Guro, 1A. B. Ibragimov, 1M. A. Ibragimova, 1Kh. F. Adinaev
SEPARATION OF MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS IN TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE PROCESSING OF THEIR WASTE
1Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2SPA "Production of rare metals and hard alloys" JSC "Almalyk MMC"
Abstract. Background. Molybdenum and tungsten cakes, contaminated with tungsten and molybdenum, respectively, are stored in the sludge fields of NPO PRMiTS JSC Almalyk MMC, their mixed metal waste is also accumulated, which makes the problem of separation of W and Mo relevant.
Purpose: development of methods for separating W (VI) and Mo (VI) at the stage of neutralization of the alkaline solution of anodic processing of the W-Mo alloy with nitric acid.
Methodology. Objects - waste alloy MV-50, scrap bars of Mo and W. When they are electrochemically dissolved in an alkaline electrolyte, Mo and W go into solution, and when it is neutralized with nitric acid, in a thermostat, at a temperature of 120-2000C, in the presence of oxalate ions or lyoxide, conditions are created for the separation of W and Mo.
Originality. A mechanism is proposed for blocking the process of heteropolycondensation of molybdate and tungstate ions in a joint solution by oxalate ions or lyoxide, due to hydrogen bonds, and the formation of ion associates.
Findings. A method has been developed for the separation of W (VI) and Mo (VI) at the stage of neutralization of the alkaline solution of the anodic processing of the W-Mo alloy with nitric acid under conditions of hydrothermal treatment of sediments, in the presence of complexing agents, which ensures the extraction of pure products - molybdic and tungstic acids.
Key words: metal waste, molybdenum, tungsten, ionic forms, heteropolycondensation, oxalate ions, lyoxide, separation factor.
Highlights:
- developed a method for separating W(VI) and Mo(VI) ions;
- oxalate ions are used to prevent polycondensation of ions;
- the possibility of extracting molybdic and tungstic acids from solutions.
References
1. G. M. Voldman, Fundamentals of extraction and ion-exchange processes in hydrometallurgy. M.: Metallurgy, 1982.- 376 p. (in Russian)
2. Patent RU 1831883. Method for extracting molybdenum from solutions of sodium tungsten. Zaitsev V.P., Kalish N.K. Appl. 5035672/02, 03.04.1992 Publ. 05/20/1998 (in Russian)
3. Patent RU 273932. Method for the extraction separation of tungsten and molybdenum. Zelikman A. N, Voldman G. M, Kagermanyan V. S. Application 1336266, 05/27/1969. (in Russian)
4. Patent RU 2048560/3C1 Method for extracting molybdenum from tungsten-containing solutions. Blokhin A.A.[RU] Asadov I.S. [UZ], Kirillova M.A. [RU], Pak V,.I. [UZ] Pirmatov E.A.[UZ]. Appl. 5062017/02, 1992.09.10. Appl. 1992.09.10. Published 1995.11.20 (in Russian)
5. Blokhin A.A., Prenas Ya.V., Taushkanov V.P. Ion-exchange method for cleaning solutions of tungstates from molybdenum. // ZhPKh.-1989.-T. 62.-No. 5.-S. 985-989. (in Russian)
6. Patent RU 2183226. Method for removing tungsten from molybdate solutions. MPK7 S 22V 34/30.3/24. Blokhin A. A. No. 2001111198/02; 3avl.23.04. 2001; Published 06/10/2002. (in Russian)
7. Application of the ion exchange method in the technology of obtaining high purity tungsten and molybdenum. Klimenko G. L., Blokhin A. A., Glebovsky V. G., Ermolov S. N., Mayorov D. Yu., Kopyrin A. A. //Metals.-2001.-№3. -WITH. 49-51, 2 ill., tab. 1. Bible. 8. Rus. (in Russian)
8. Voropanova JI.A., Gagieva Z.A., Darchieva A.E. Possibilities of separating molybdenum and tungsten by sorption on anion exchanger brand AMP//AN Higher School of the Russian Federation North Ossetian Branch. Collection of scientific papers. - No. 7. - Vladikavkaz. - 2009. - P. 63-74. (in Russian)
9. Study of the separation of tungsten and molybdenum from a crude solution of sodium tungstate. Jiang Xinyu, Shi Shy-yun, Tang Kewen. Xiyou jinshu yu yingzhi hejin //Rare Metals and Cem.-2002.-30.-No. 3.-C. 11 13, 25 Ch.; res. English (in Russian)
10. Ganiev A.G., Zhuravlev A.A., Rybnov V.V. et al. Study of sorption of tungsten and molybdenum on ion exchangers. // Non-ferrous metals. -2008. - No. 11.-S. 82-85. (in Russian)
11. Patent RU 2505612. Method for extracting molybdenum from tungsten-containing solutions. Abdrakhmanov T.G., Troshkina I.D., Fofanova A.A. Appl. 06/28/2012; Published 01/27/2014 (in Russian)
12. Patent SU 428772/26. Method for separating molybdenum and tungsten trioxides. Valyaev E. V., Plusheva S. V. Appl. 02/21/1987; Published 02/15/1991, Bull. No. 6. (in Russian)
13. Patent SU 4813863/02 Method for processing material containing oxides of tungsten (VI) and molybdenum (VI). Bunin V.M., Solovieva L.N. Appl. 04/11/1990; Published 05/23/1992, Bull. No. 19. (in Russian)
14. Mokhosoev M.V., Shevtsova H.A. The state of molybdenum and tungsten ions in aqueous solutions. - Ulan-Ude: Buryat book publishing house, 1977. -168 p. (in Russian)
15. Pop M. C. Heteropoly- and isopolyoxometalates. Translated from English, Springer-Verlag. Berlin, Heidelberg, 1983. - Novosibirsk, Nauka, Siberian Branch, 1990. 232 p. (in Russian)
16. Dobosh, D. Electrochemical constants: a guide for electrochemists. Ed. Ya.M. Kolotyrkin. Per. from English. and Hungarian. V.A. Safonov. - M.: Mir, 1980. - 365 p. (in Russian)
To cite this article: U. N. Ruziev, V. P. Guro, A. B. Ibragimov, M. A. Ibragimova, Kh. F. Adinaev. Separation of molybdenum and tungsten compounds in technological solutions for the processing of their waste. // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.32-40.
Received: 05.07.2022; Accepted: 28.08.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
UDK 615.776.547.29.297
Sh. K. Samandarov, R. R. Makhkamov, A. E. Kurbanbayeva, D. A. Kholmuminova
PREPARATION OF CARBOXYMETHYL STARCH DERIVATIVES AND STUDY OF THEIR PHYSICAL AND COLLOID-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, E-mail: samandarovshuxrat228@gmail.ru
Abstract. Background It is known that the low solubility of starch causes a number of problems when working with it. For this reason, obtaining a water-soluble derivative of starch, carboxymethyl starch (CMC) and its important derivatives, as well as studying its colloidal chemical properties, solves this problem.
Purpose. To study the electrochemical properties of new derivatives of carboxymethyl starch in solution, their solubility, as well as their conformational changes during the transition from one state to another.
Methodology Physico-chemical parameters of aqueous solutions, including electrical conductivity (in a conductometer), solution medium (in a pH meter), and swelling coefficient (by gravimetric method) of hydrogels, have been studied.
Originality. It has been established that during the ionization of hydrogels, intramolecular associations are formed with the participation of metal cations and carboxylate anions, which are stabilized due to the hydrophobic interaction of the network structure of a rarely interconnected polyelectrolyte.
Findings. It is shown that the process changes with a sharp change in the pH values of the medium, with an increase in the electrical conductivity of the hydrogel and the absorption coefficient.
Key words: carboxymethyl starch, aqueous solution, etching, hydrogel, swelling coefficient, electrical conductivity, medium pH.
Highlights:
- hydrogels were obtained by coagulation of CMC-Na with metal ions.
- the ability of hydrogels to swell in aqueous solutions was studied.
References
1. Seidel C., Kulicke W. M., Hess C., Hartmann B., Lazik W. Synthesis and characterization of crosslinked carboxymethyl potato starch ether gels. //Starch/Sta¨ rke.-2004.-56.-157–166.
2. S.Li, J. Tang and P. Chinachotti. Thermodynamics of starch-water systems: An analysis from solution-gel model on water sorption isotherms// J. Polym. Sci.- Part B.- Plym. Phys.-1996.-V. 34.-Р. 2579-2589.
3. Lee, S., Kim, S. T., Pant, B. R., Kwen, H. D. et al., Carboxymethylation of corn starch and characterization using assymetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled with multiangle light scattering. //J. Chromatogr. A.-2010.-1217.-4623–4628.
4. Stojanovic. Z., Jeremic K., Jovanovic S., Nierling W., Lechner M. D. Light scattering and viscosity investigation of dilute aqueous solutions of carboxymethyl starch// Starch/Stärke.-2009.-V. 61.-Р.-199–205.
5. Tijsen C. J., Voncken R. M., Beenackers A. A. C. M., Design of a continuous process for the production of highly substituted granular carboxymethyl starch//Chem. Eng. Sci.-2001.-V. 56.-Р. 411–418.
6. Kamel S., Sahandir K. Optimization of Carboxymethylation of Starch in Organic Solvents// Inter J. Polymeric Materials.-2007. -V. 56.-№5.-Р.511-519.
7. Wandrey C., Bartkowiak A., Harding S. E., in: Zuidam N. J., Nedovic V. A. (Eds.). Encapsulation Technologies for Active Food Ingredients and Food Processing, Springer//New York.- 2010.-Р.31–100.
8. Nur Fattima., Al Zahara., Tuan Mohamood., Norhazlin Zainuddin., Mansor Ahmad. Preparation, optimization and swelling study of carboxymethyl sago starch (CMSS) – acid hydrogel// Chemistry Central Journal.-2018.-V. 12.-Р.133.
9. Lawal O. S., Lechner M. D., Hartmann B., Kulicke W. M. Carboxymethyl cocoyam starch: Synthesis,characterization and influence of the reaction parameters//Starch/Sta¨rke.-2007.-59.-224-233.
10. Makhkamov M. A. Physical and chemical properties of new functional polymers with carboxyl groups: Author's abstract ... doc. chem. Sciences. - Tashkent: NUUz, 2018. - 62 p. (in Russian)
To cite this article: Sh. K. Samandarov, R. R. Makhkamov, A. E. Kurbanbayeva, D. A. Kholmuminova. Preparation of carboxymethyl starch derivatives and study of their physical and colloid-chemical properties // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.42-46.
Received: 14.11.2022; Accepted: 16.12.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
UDC: 665.666.552
1SH. S. Arslanov, 2N. SH. Sultonkhojaeva, 3SH. A. Аzimova
SEPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF OXYGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS OF OIL USING WET AND DRY ALKALIZATION METHODS
1Mirzo Ulugbek National University of Uzbekistan, arslanovshs@rambler.ru, 2Tashkent branch of Russian State University of Chemical Technology named after D.I. Mendeleev. 3Tashkent chemical-technological institute.
Abstract. Background. Oil products consisting heteroatomic compounds may affect negatively on equipment as well as making contribution in an economy. From this point of view, determining their amount, their isolation and study of the fields of application is considered a promising direction.
Purpose. Study of methods of separation of oil acids in wet alkaline media.
Methodology. A cyclic method was used to separate the acids of the oil by wet alkalization. For the batch method, the oil product was placed in a vertically placed container and treated with an aqueous solution of alkali. Processing of petroleum products with alkali was carried out by mixing the alkali with the petroleum product and passing air through the mixture.
Originality. It was found that the oxygen-containing compounds of oil are not distributed in the same amount in oil products and their extraction from oil products has a higher efficiency.
Findings. The methods of extracting the acids of oil in periodic, semi-continuous and continuous wet alkaline methods were studied. It was found that the amount of oxygenated compounds of oil increases with the increase of the boiling temperature of the oil product and requires the selection of a certain optimal condition for each oil product.
Key words: оil acids, wet alkaline method, semi-continuous method, periodic method, saponification temperature.
Highlights:
- extraction of oil acids in periodic, semi-continuous and continuous wet alkaline methods;
- oxygenated compounds of oil distribution:
- oxygenated compounds’ content at boiling temperature.
References
1. Sh.S.Arslanov, T.V. Rivkina, D.Kh. Mirkhamitova, N.Sh. Sultonkhzhaeva. Chemical bases of oil and gas processing: Textbook. - Tashkent: Electronic version, 2022.-108 p. (in Russian)
2. Kapustin V. M., Karpov S. A., Tsarev A. V. Oxygenates in motor gasolines.- Moscow: Kolos Publ., 2011. -336 p. (in Russian)
3. H. Budzinski, Ph. Garrigues, M. Radke, J. Connan, J. Termodynamic calculations on alkylated phenanthrenas: geochemical applications to maturity and origin of hydrocarbons. Oudin. // Organic Geochemistry.-1993.-Vol. 20.-Pp. 917–926. (in Russian)
4. Bardik Donald L., Leffler William L. Petrochemistry. –Moscow: CJSC "Publ.,2001.-416 p. (in Russian)
5. Kapustin V.M. Oil refining technology. In 4 parts. Part I. Primary oil refining. –Moscow: Kolos Publ., 2012.-456 p. (in Russian)
6. Kapustin V.M., Gureev A.A. Oil refining technology. In 4 parts. CH II. Physico-chemical processes. Moscow, Chemistry Publ., 2015. 395 p. (in Russian)
7. Kapustin V.M., Rudin M.G. Chemistry and technology of oil processing. Moscow, Chemistry Publ., 2013. 496 p. (in Russian)
8. Kapustin V.M., Gureev A.A. Oil refining technology. In 2 parts. CH II. Destructive Processes. – Moscow: Kolos Publ., 2007.-334 p. (in Russian)
9. Kapustin V. M., Rudin M. G., Kudinov A. M. Fundamentals of designing oil refineries and petrochemical enterprises.-Moscow: Chemistry Publ., 2012.-440 p. (in Russian)
10. Davletbaeva I. M., Beskrovniy D. V., Gumerova O. R. Chemistry, technology and properties of synthetic rubber. –Kazan: KNRTU Publ., 2013.-201 p. (in Russian)
11. Bruce A. Finlayson, John Wiley., Introduction to Chemical Engineering Computing. Sons, 2012.
12. Ignatiadis I., Schmitter J.M., Arpio P.J. Seperation et identification par chromatographie en phase gazeuse et chromatographie en phase gazeusespectrometrie de masse de composes azotes dune huile lour de desasphaltee.//Journal of Chromatography.-1985.-Vol. 324.-No 1.Pp. 87–111.
13. Berger B. D., and Anderson K. E., Modern Petroleum.//A Basic Primer of the Industry, 2nd ed.-1981.-Penn Well Publishing, Tulsa, OK.
14. Chilingarian G. W., Robertson J. O., Jr., and Kumar S. Surface Operations in Petroleum Production, I, 1987, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam.
15. Craft B. C., Holden W. R., and Graves E. D. Well Design: Drilling and Production, 1962, PrenticeHall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
To cite this article: SH. S. Arslanov, N. SH. Sultonkhojaeva, SH. A. Аzimova. Separation and characterization of oxygen-containing compounds of oil using wet and dry alkalization methods // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.46-52.
Received: 16.11.2022; Accepted: 18.12.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
UDK 661.66-9
O. Y. Ismailov, A. M. Khurmamatov, M. H. Ismoilov
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE PROCESS OF SCALE FORMATION IN THERMAL DEVICES
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, e-mail: ismoilovnmpi@mail.ru
Abstract. Background. Descaling in thermal devices is carried out by washing the inner surface or its mechanical cleaning. Both methods are highly costly, involve the use of chemical reagents, and pollute wastewater.
Purpose. Study of the influence of a constant magnetic field on the formation of deposits of mineral salts on the surface of the walls of thermal devices used in food industry enterprises.
Methodology. Statistical methods for processing experimental data were applied; methods based on the use of instrumentation and measurement of technological parameters to study the patterns of scale formation.
Originality. The influence of a constant magnetic field on the formation of scale on the wall surface of a water heating element has been established.
Findings. Received data. It has been established that under the action of a magnetic field, the mass of deposits of mineral salts on the surface of the heating element of a hot water boiler is reduced by 5.2 times.
Key words: heating devices, permanent magnet, sediment, water heating boiler, mineral salts, scale, thermal efficiency.
Highlights:
- scale formation on the heat exchanger wall in a magnetic field;
- scale in the tube of the heat exchanger reduces its thermal effect
References
1. Kolesnikov V.A., Nechaev Yu.G. Thermal power economy of sugar factories. –M.: Food industry, 1980. -392 p. (in Russian)
2. Ismailov O.Yu., Khudoyberdiev A.A., Khurmamatov A.M. Addiction Research heat transfer coefficient on the thickness of the scale and the mode of movement of the heated oil and gas condensate mixture in a horizontal pipe // Scientific and technical journal Oil refining and petrochemistry. -Moscow. - 2017. - No. 2. - S. 42-45. (in Russian)
3. Ismailov O.Yu., Ramonov T.Z. Study of the conditions for the formation of deposits in pipes heat exchangers//Scientific and technical journal, "Chemical industry". -Saint Petersburg. - 2017. - No. 2 - P.74-78. (in Russian)
4. Fedotkin I.M., Lipsman V.S. Intensification of heat transfer in food apparatuses productions. -M.: Food industry, 1972.- 240 p. (in Russian)
5. Kostyleva S.S., Dzhumabaev Kh.K., Tyusenkov A.S. Influence of electrochemical activation water for scaling // Oil and gas business. - 2018. - T. 16. - No. 4. - P. 89–95. DOI: 10.17122/ngdelo-2018-4-89-96. (in Russian)
6. Ochkov V. F. Magnetic treatment of water: history and current state // Energy saving and water treatment. -2006. -No. 2. -S. 23-29. (in Russian)
7. Mosin O.V., Ignatov I. Structure of water and physical reality // Consciousness and physical reality. -2011. -T. 16.-No. 9.-S. 16-32. (in Russian)
8. Bannikov V.V. Electromagnetic water treatment//Ecology of production. -2004. -No. 4. -S. 25-32. (in Russian)
9. Shchelokov Ya.M. About magnetic treatment of water//News of heat supply.-2002. -T. 8. -No. 24. -S. 41-42. (in Russian)
10. M.Kh. Ismailov, O. Yu. Ismailov. Effect of magnetic field on accumulation of heat exchanger mass. //The collection of materials of the republican scientific and practical conference on the topic "Problems in chemical technology, chemical and food industry in the conditions of integration of science and production and ways to overcome them" Part I. - Namangan.-2022. -213-215 p. (in Uzbek)
11. Prisyazhnyuk V.Ya. Water hardness: softening methods and technological schemes // SOK, Heading Plumbing and water supply. -2004. -No. 11. -S. 45-59. (in Russian)
12. Koshoridze S.I., Levin Yu.K. Physical model of scale reduction at magnetic treatment of water in thermal power devices // Teploenergetika.-2009. -No.4.-S. 66-68. (in Russian)
13. Kostyleva S.S., Dzhumabaev Kh.K., Tyusenkov A.S. Influence of electrochemical activation water for scaling // Oil and gas business. - 2018. - T. 16. - No. 4. - P. 89–95(in Russian)
To cite this article: O. Y. Ismailov, A. M. Khurmamatov, M. H. Ismoilov. Study of the influence of the magnetic field on the process of scale formation in thermal devices // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.52-57.
Received: 19.12.2022; Accepted: 29.12.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
UDK:546.543.42.
1A. S. Normamatov, 1A. B. Ibragimov, 1A. KH. Ruzmetov, 2A. KH. Khaitbaev, 2KH. Toshov
SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF COORDINATION COMPOUNDS OF 5-SULFOSALICYL ACID WITH CERTAIN 3d METALS
1AS RUz Institute of general and inorganic chemistry, 2National Universty of Uzbekistan named afterMirzo Ulug’bek
Abstract. Background. Synthesis of coordination compounds that exhibit several bioactivities at the same time, and spectroscopic analysis of their structure are relevant.
Purpose. Synthesis of coordination compounds of 5-sulfosalicylic acid with microelements Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, study of composition and structure by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods.
Methodology. A magnetic stirrer was used in the process of synthesis, the composition of complex compounds was studied by the method of elemental analysis (Elementary Unicube® Izi), and the structure was studied by infrared (Bruker Invenio S-2021) and ultraviolet (Specord 200 Plus) spectroscopic methods.
Originality. The conditions of synthesis of coordination compounds of 5-sulfosalicylic acid with intermediate elements Cu, Ni, Co, Mn were studied, their structure was studied by spectroscopic methods.
Findings. Coordination compounds of 5-sulfosalicylic acid with 3d metals copper, nickel, cobalt, and manganese in the hexahydrate state were synthesized, the presence of six water molecules in the inner sphere of the complex compound, and two ligands of 5-sulfosalicylic acid in the outer sphere was determined by infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopic methods.
Key words: sulfosalicylic acid, biological activity, 3d metals, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, n-ϭ* shift, light absorption.
Highlights:
- exposure to sulfosalicylic acid, metal salts and water;
- the structure of coordination compounds was analyzed by spectroscopic methods.
References
1. Koksharova T. V., Kurando S. V., Stoyanova I. V. Coordination compounds of 3d-metal 5-sulfosalicylates with thiosemicarbazide //Russian Journal of General Chemistry. – 2013. – Т. 83. –N. 1. – P. 54-57.
2. Liu Q. et al. Sulfosalicylic acid/Fe 3+ based nanoscale coordination polymers for effective cancer therapy by the Fenton reaction: an inspiration for understanding the role of aspirin in the prevention of cancer //Biomaterials science. – 2019. – Т. 7. – N. 12. – P. 5482-5491.
3. Badea M., Uivarosi V., Olar R. Improvement in the pharmacological profile of copper biological active complexes by their incorporation into organic or inorganic matrix //Molecules. – 2020. – Т. 25. – N. 24. – P. 5830.
4. Singh K. et al. Metal-based biologically active compounds: synthesis, spectral, and antimicrobial studies of cobalt, nickel, copper, and zinc complexes of triazole-derived Schiff bases //Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications. – 2011. – Т. 2011.
5. Paulo L. M. et al. Effect of nickel and cobalt on methanogenic enrichment cultures and role of biogenic sulfide in metal toxicity attenuation //Frontiers in microbiology. – 2017. – Т. 8. – С. 1341.
6. Bradley W. G. (ed.). Neurology in clinical practice. – Butterworth-Heinemann, 2004. – Т. 1.
7. Тарасевич Б. Н. ИК спектры основных классов органических соединений. – 2012.
8. Hübner M. et al. Spectroscopic studies of copper (II) complexes with some amino acid as ligand //Annals of the West University of Timisoara. Physics Series. – 2011. – Т. 55. – С. 77.
9. Świderski G. et al. Spectroscopic (IR, Raman, UV–Vis) study and thermal analysis of 3d-metal complexes with 4-imidazolecarboxylic acid //Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. – 2018. – Т. 134. – №. 1. – С. 513-525.
10. https://docbrown.info/index.htm
To cite this article: A. S. Normamatov, A. B. Ibragimov, A. KH. Ruzmetov, A. KH. Khaitbaev, KH. Toshov. Spectroscopic analysis of synthesis and structure of coordination compounds of 5-sulfosalicyl acid with certain 3d metals // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.58-63.
Received: 21.12.2022; Accepted: 29.12.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
UDK 532.64 (088.8)
H. F. Adinaev, E.T. Safarov, S. N. Rasulova, M. A. Ibragimova, Z. A. Nabieva, O.T. Pardaev
MODIFICATION OF THE BATCH FOR GRANULATION OF MOLYBDENITE CONCENTRATE
AS RUz Institute of general and inorganic chemistry
Abstract. Background. Cinder of middlings of molybdenum JSC "Almalyk MMC", roasted flotation-enriched sulfide molybdenum ore, contains, %: Mo ³32, SiO2 £ 11; As £0.07; Cu £ 2 (1st grade); 2.0-3.0 (2nd); >3.0 (3rd grade); Р (£ 0.05), WO3 (£ 0.8); S (£ 1.5), Re (£ 0.017). Mo-concentrate is run in: kaolin serves as a binder, 8-10%.
Purpose: comparative testing of a series of organic binders: SK-K and SK-D, as part of the Mo-concentrate during granulation, to identify the best composition of the cinder and physical and mechanical properties.
Methodology. The granules were fired in a fluidized bed furnace and their composition, physicochemical and physicomechanical properties were controlled.
Originality. Binders for granulation of Mo-concentrate SK9, SK12 have been developed, alternative to kaolin, providing an increased content of Mo in the cinder, facilitated release of rhenium during firing.
Findings. The composition and strength of Mo-concentrate granules before and after firing were studied by averaging the mass values of 10 granules at each point.
Key words: molybdenite concentrate, charge, cinder, kaolin, polymers.
Highlights:
- drying and firing of granules was carried out at a temperature of 20-300-600°C;
- used a mixture based on kaolin binders, polymers SK9 and SK12;
- Studied the composition, strength of Mo-concentrate granules after firing;
- the physicochemical properties of the cinder material were studied.
References
1. Cinder of an industrial product of molybdenum TSh 64-23283880-07:2013. organization standard. - Tashkent: Uzstandard publishing house, 2013 (in Russian)
2. Ruziev U.N., Guro V.P., Ernazarov U.R., Rasulova S.N., Adinaev Kh.F. Development of a method for roasting sulfide ore minerals in a fluidized bed furnace. -Universum: Chemistry and Biology. - Issue: No. 8 (74. -2020. (in Russian)
3. Patent RU 2227165 Arapov G.I., Chernyaev V.F. Complex binder for the production of iron ore pellets. Appl. 07/02/2003; pub. 04/20/2004. (in Russian)
4. Quaicoe I., Nosrati A., Addai J. Influence of binder composition on hematite-rich mixed minerals agglomeration behavior and product properties // Chemical Engineering Research and Design. -2015. -V. 97.-p. 45-56. DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd. 2015.02.021
5. O. Sivrikaya, A.I. Arol. Pelletization of magnetite ore with colemanite added organic binders // Powder Technology, 210(1). -R.23–28. -2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.02.007.
6. Binder composition for agglomeration of fine minerals and pelletizing process. Patent WO 2013010629 A1 (CA2842457A1), Stefan Dilsky, Clariant S. A. Brazil, Claim reg. PCT/EP2012/002785, Prior. July 21, 2011 Jan 24, 2013.
7. Guro V.P., Ibragimova M.A. Binder for granulation of Mo-concentrate of Almalyk MMC JSC // Uzb. chem. and. -2014. - No. 4. - P. 24-27. (in Russian)
8. Patent IAP 06177 dated May 26, 2017. Guro V.P., Safarov E.T., Ibragimova M.A. and other method of pelletizing sulfide molybdenite concentrates. (in Russian)
9. Guro V.P., Safarov E.T., Rakhmatkarieva F.G. et al. Selection of the optimal binder for molybdenite concentrate granulation // Tsvetnye metally. - 2016. - No. 2. -C.68-73. DOI:10.17580/tsm.2016.02.11 (in Russian)
10. Guro V. P., Yusupov F. M., Ibragimova M. A. Pelleting of Molybdenite Concentrate with Organic-Mineral Binder // AASCIT Communications. -2015. -V. 2, no. 5. - P. 200–204.
11. GOST 2677–78. Ammonium molybdate. Specifications. Introduction 01-01-1980. (in Russian)
12. Safarov E.T., Guro V.P., Ibragimova M.A. Fluidized bed reactor for roasting mo-lybdenite concentrate. Part 1 // Uzbek. chem. and. - 2017. - No. 1. - P.42-49. (in Russian)
To cite this article: H. F. Adinaev, E.T. Safarov, S. N. Rasulova, M. A. Ibragimova, Z. A. Nabieva, O.T. Pardaev. Modification of the batch for granulation of molybdenite concentrate // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.63-68.
Received: 21.12.2022; Accepted: 29.12.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
UDK 547.791.3, 547.791.7
1Sh. R. Khozhimatova, 2I. S. Ortikov, 3I. A. Abdugafurov, 2B. Zh. Elmuradov
CATALYTIC CYCLIZATION OF ISOMERIC PROP-2-IN-1-IL-2-(NITROPHENOXY) ACETATES AND PARf-BROMPHENILAZIDE
1Andijan Institute of Mechanical Engineering, 2Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Russian Federation, ilxon@mail.ru, 3Uzbekistan National University named after Mirzo Ulugbek
Abstract. Background. Obtaining and introducing pharmacologically active drugs is important, as is the improvement of their synthesis. For example, the synthesis of heterocyclic derivatives of 1H-1,2,3-triazole based on the cyclization reactions of prop-2-in-1-yl-2-phenoxy (substituted) acetate and para-bromophenylazide.
Purpose. Synthesis of prop-2-yn-1-yl-2-phenoxy (substituted) acetates and implementation of cyclization reactions with para-bromophenylazide under various conditions, determination of the structure of the synthesized substances using modern physical research methods.
Methodology. Prop-2-yn-1-yl-2-(nitrophenoxy)acetates were synthesized from ortho-nitrophenol, meta-nitrophenol, para-nitrophenol, and 2,4-dinitrophenols. Reactions of propargyl ethers with para-bromophenylazide were carried out in various solvents and catalytic conditions. 1,2,3-triazole derivatives were obtained in high yield. Their structure was proved on the basis of the results of IR, 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Originality. For the first time, 1,2,3-triazole derivatives were synthesized in the reaction of catalytic cyclization of isomers of prop-2-yn-1-yl-2-(nitrophenoxy)acetates with p-bromophenylazide in the presence of copper (I) halides. It was noted that in the course of the reaction, under the action of a catalyst, only the 1,4-isomer of 1,2,3-triazoles was formed.
Findings. 1H-1,2,3-triazoles were synthesized with a higher yield, their IR and 1H NMR spectra were analyzed, and it was proved that they correspond to the corresponding structures.
Key words: synthesis, propargyl ester of monoiodoacetic acid, isomeric nitrophenols, 1,2,3-triazoles, prop-2-yn-1-yl-2-(2-nitrophenoxy) acetate.
Highlights:
- synthesized propargyl ester of monoiodoacetic acid;
- O-propargyl acetate esters were synthesized;
- cycloaddition reactions of O-propargyl acetate esters with para-bromophenylazide;
- in the presence of a catalyst, 1,4-isomers of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives are formed;
References
1. Ferreira SB, Sodero ACR, Cardoso MFC, Lima ESL, Kaiser CR, et al. Synthesis, biological activity, and molecular modeling studies of 1H-1,2,3-triazole derivatives of carbohydrates as α-glucosidases inhibitors //J Med Chem.-2010. -Vol. 53. -P.2364-2375.
2. Rodriguez CA, Agudelo M, Zuluga AF, Vesga O In vivopharmacodynamics of piperacillin/tazobactam: implications for antimicrobial efficacy and resistance suppression with innovator and generic products //Int J Antimicrob Agents.-2017. -Vol.49.-P. 189-197.
3. Choi HG, Jun HW, Kim DD, Sah H, Yoo BK, et al. Simultaneous determination of cefatrizine and clavulanic acid in dog plasma by HPLC //J Pharm Biomed Anal.-2004. -Vol. 35. -P. 221-231.
4. Kothare S, Kluger G, Sachdeo R, Williams B, Olhaye O, et al. Dosing
5. considerations for rufinamide in patients with Lennox-Gastuat syndrome: phase
6. III trial results and the real world clinical data //Seizure.-2017.-Vol47. -P. 25-33.
7. Menendez C, Gau S, Lherbet C, Rodriguez F, Inard C, et al. Synthesis and biological activities of triazole derivatives as inhibitors of InhA and antituberculosis agents //Eur J Med Chem.-2011.-Vol. 46. -P. 5524-5531.
8. Wang Q, Zhang J, Damu GLV, Wan K, Zhang HZ, et al. Synthesis and biological activities of thiotriazole derivatives as novel antibacterial and antifungal agents //Sci China Chem.-2012. -Vol.55.–P. 2134-2153.
9. Nadeem H, Mohsin M, Afzaal H, Riaz S, Zahid A, et al. Synthesis and in vitro biological activities of 4,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-triazol-3-thols //Adv Microbiol.-2013. -Vol. 3. -P. 366-375.
10. Asif M. A mini review on antimalarial activities of biologically active substituted triazole derivatives //Int J Adv Res Chem Sci.-2014.-Vol. 1.- 22-28.
11. Li L, Zhang Z. Development and applications of the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CUAAC) as a bioorthogonal reaction //Molecules.-2016.-Vol. 21.–P. 1-22
12. Martinelli M., Milcent T., Ongeri S., Crousse B. Synthesis of new triazole-based trifluoromethy scaffolds // Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry. -2008. -Vol. 4. No. 19. –P. 1–4.
13. Wu L., Yan B., Yang G., Chen Y. Green synthesis of 1-monosubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles via click chemistry in water // Heterocycl. Commun. -2013. -Vol.19 (6). -P. 397-400.
14. Willber D. Castro-Godoy., Adri´ an A. Heredia., Luciana C. Schmidt and Juan E.A. A straightforward and sustainable synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles via visible-light promoted copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). // RSC. Adv. -2017. -Vol. 7. -P. 33967–33973.
15. Thiago F. B., Rosemeire B. A.,Róbson R. T.,Rossimiriam P. de F.,Thays G. P.,Silma F.S.,Aline A. Sand Alberto de J.S. Synthesis and Phytotoxic Activity of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives // J. Braz. Chem. Soc. -2013. -Vol. 24. No. 6.-P. 953-961.
16. Faraz K.M., Garima V., Wasim A., Akranth M., Mumtaz A.M., Mymona A., et al. Synthetic Trends Followed for the Development of 1,2,3-Triazole
17. Derivatives//International Journal of Drug Development and Research. -2017. -Vol. 9. -P. 22-25
18. Abdugafurov I.A., Makhsumov A.G.Madikhanov, N.1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of phenyl azide to 3-(2-R-phenoxy)-1-propynes and IR and NMR spectra of 1,2,3-triazole isomers, Zh.org.chem. .-1987.-T. 23.-№9.- S. 1986-1990. (in Russian)
19. Madikhanov N., Juraev A.Dz., Abdugafurov I.A., Makhsumov A.G., Zukirov U.B. Patent. Anti-inflammatory "Fentriazolin" ointment. - UzR. IAP. - No. 01960. -2000. (in Russian)
20. Аbdugafurov I.A., Qirgizov F.B., Ortikov I.S. Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives based on propargyl ester of a saturated single-basic carbonic acid and para-azidobenzoic acid // European Journal of Chemistry.-2021. -№ 12 (1). -P. 13-17.
21. Ortikov I.S., Abdugafurov I.A., Kirghizov F.B. Synthesis of 1.2.3-triazole derivatives based on saturated monobasic higher carboxylic acid propargyl ether and para-azidobenzoic acid // Journal of Chemistry of Uzbekistan. -2020. - No. 4. - Р.76-80. (in Russian)
22. Usmanova S.G., Abdugafurov I.A., Ortikov I.S., Madikhonov N., Elmuradov B. Catalytic synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles based on 2-Propargyloxybenzaldehyde and some aromatic azides // Chemical journal of Uzbekistan. -2022. - No. 1. -Р. 62-69. (in Russian)
To cite this article: Sh. R. Khozhimatova, I. S. Ortikov, I. A. Abdugafurov, B. Zh. Elmuradov. Catalytic cyclization of isomeric prop-2-in-1-il-2-(nitrophenoxy) acetates and parf-bromphenilazide // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.69-77.
Received: 06.10.2022; Accepted: 30.11.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *
UDK 547.912+541.12.038.2.52/59
T. E. Samukov
SIMULATION OF THE EXTRACTION PROCESS FOR PRODUCING BENZENE AND TOLUENE FROM GASCONDENSATE
Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, tsamukov@gmail.com
Abstract. Background. Extraction is one of the important processes of chemical technology, and close attention is paid to the accuracy of calculations of this process. Calculations are carried out using computer programs.
Purpose. Development of an extraction method for obtaining aromatic hydrocarbons from new raw materials using computer programs.
Methodology. The object of study is the hydrocarbon fraction of gas condensate, the process is modeled in the environment of the HYSISv.11 program.
Originality. For the first time, a technological scheme for the production of benzene and toluene from gas condensate by extraction, applicable in the production of aromatic hydrocarbons, has been proposed.
Findings. Optimal technological modes of installations and devices are revealed. The material and energy flows of the process are determined.
Key words: extraction process; Column; fraction of gas condensate; extractant; hydrocarbons; technology; modeling in HYSYSv.11.
Highlights:
- extraction of gas condensate without mixing with sour oil;
- the expediency of application of development in the industry is confirmed.
References
1. Gorelik M.V., Efros L.S. Fundamentals of chemistry and technology of aromatic compounds.-M.: Chemistry, 1992.-640p.
2. Komissarov Yu.A., Gordeev L.S., Vent D.P. Scientific bases of rectification processes. Edited by Serafimov L.A., in 2 volumes. -M.: Chemistry, 2004. -270 and 415p.
3. Borovkova E.A. Simulation of technological processes with gas-phase heterogeneous catalytic reactions in the production of synthesis gas and aromatic hydrocarbons. - Diss .... candidate of technical sciences. - M. -2016.-147 p.
4. Dvoretsky S.I., Kormiltsyn V.F. Fundamentals of designing chemical production.-M.: Mashinostroyeniye-1, 2005.-280p.
5. Kuznetsov O.A. Modeling a natural gas processing scheme in Aspen HYSYSV8 / O.A. Kuznetsov.–M.: Berlin: Direct-Media, 2015. -116p.
6. Aspen HYSYS ver. 8.8. Aspen Technology. Inc. 2015.
7. Gartman T.N., Klushin D.V. Fundamentals of computer modeling of chemical-technological processes. -M.: ICC "Akademkniga", 2008. -416 p.
8. Gartman T.N., Sovetin F.S. Analytical review of modern modeling packages programs for computer simulation of chemical-technological systems. // Advances in chemistry and chemical technology.-2012.-T.26, No.11. -p.140
9. Sovetin F.S. Development and application of methodological support for block computer simulation of energy-intensive chemical-technological systems with application of instrumental software packages. - Diss .... candidate of technical sciences. - M. -2011.-190p.
10. Alenchikova A.A., Proskuro E.A., Safronova V.D. Development of a computer model four-column technological scheme for distillation of a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons // Advances in chemistry and chemical technology. -2014.-T.28. -No. 2 (151).-P.31-33.
11. Khamidov B. N., Samukov T. I. Obtaining mixed solvents from gas condensate. // Petrochemistry and oil refining.-2022. -No6. -p.28-30.
12. Samukov T.I. Extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons from wide fractions of gas condensate with individual extractants. // Journal Science and Innovation.-2022. -No1. -Issue 7.-P.208-214.
To cite this article: T. E. Samukov. Simulation of the extraction process for producing benzene and toluene from gascondensate // Uzbek chemical journal. -2022. – Nr6. - Pp.77-81.
Received: 16.12.2022; Accepted: 28.12.2022; Published: 29.12.2022
* * *